A Novel Technology for Capturing Fecal HUMAN DNA

捕获粪便人类 DNA 的新技术

• 批准号: 7020846
• 负责人: BAOCHUAN GUO
• 金额: $ 14.5万
• 依托单位: GLC BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-12 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7020846
• 关键词: DNA; human

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project focuses on the development of a robust and efficient method to isolate human DNA from stool for fecal DNA screening of colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC is the second deadliest cancer in the USA and early detection is the key to eradication of this disease. Existing methods are neither sensitive nor noninvasive, leading to a low patient compliance rate. The needless death from CRC that occurs as either not sensitive or invasive, leading to a low patient compliance rate. The needless death from CRC that occurs as a consequence of this low rate of screening makes correction of the problem an urgent social priority. Fecal DNA testing is emerging as 1 of the most promising methods for CRC screening. However, a major technical barrier to fecal DNA testing has been that the quantity of the tumor-derived DNA isolated can be low, making screening both less robust and less sensitive. We recently discovered a new method, with which the stool DNA capturing was readily improved by 4-32 fold and over 50% of human DNA were robustly recovered. The aim of Phase I is to further develop this new method. The specific milestone is to demonstrate that it can give an average 6-fold increase in the quantity of human DNA that can be retrieved from stool. This study consists of 2 parts. The first is to develop the optimized procedure for capturing human DNA from stool. Care will also be taken to stabilize the stool DNA from degradation. The second part of Phase I is to demonstrate that the stated milestone can be achieved using this new method. The milestone will be quantitatively studied by comparing this new method with the existing method. The head-to-head comparison will be made by extracting human DNA from the stool samples of patients. It is noted that although this new method is developed for fecal DNA testing, it can serve as a universal method for capturing human DNA from any clinic specimens.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的重点是开发一种稳健有效的方法，从粪便中分离人DNA，用于结直肠癌（CRC）的粪便DNA筛查。CRC是美国第二大致命癌症，早期发现是根除这种疾病的关键。现有的方法既不敏感，也不是无创的，导致患者依从率低。由于不敏感或侵入性而发生的CRC不必要的死亡，导致患者依从率低。由于这种低筛查率而发生的不必要的CRC死亡使得纠正这个问题成为一个紧迫的社会优先事项。粪便DNA检测正在成为CRC筛查最有前途的方法之一。然而，粪便DNA检测的一个主要技术障碍是分离的肿瘤来源DNA的量可能很低，使得筛选既不稳健又不敏感。我们最近发现了一种新的方法，利用该方法，粪便DNA捕获容易提高4-32倍，并且超过50%的人DNA被稳健地回收。第一阶段的目的是进一步发展这种新方法。具体的里程碑是证明它可以使从粪便中提取的人类DNA数量平均增加6倍。本研究分为两部分。第一个是开发从粪便中捕获人类DNA的优化程序。还应注意稳定粪便DNA以免降解。第一阶段的第二部分是证明使用这种新方法可以实现所述里程碑。通过与现有方法的比较，对里程碑进行定量研究。将通过从患者粪便样本中提取人类DNA进行头对头比较。值得注意的是，尽管这种新方法是为粪便DNA检测开发的，但它可以作为从任何临床标本中捕获人类DNA的通用方法。