Praxis Behavioral Observation Software

Praxis 行为观察软件

• 批准号: 7156119
• 负责人: WILLIAM V DUBE
• 金额: $ 14.87万
• 依托单位: PRAXIS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-03 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7156119
• 关键词: automated data processing; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; biotechnology; clinical research; computer program /software; computer system design /evaluation; data collection methodology /evaluation; data quality /integrity; developmental disease /disorder; digital imaging; field study; human subject; time resolved data; video recording system; videotape /videodisc

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Special educators and clinical professionals who serve individuals with developmental disabilities such as mental retardation or autism routinely rely on behavioral observation for critical information. This STTR application seeks funds to support the development of the Praxis Behavioral Observation Software (PBOS), a tool to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of behavioral observation with the widely used measurement techniques of partial/whole interval recording and momentary time sampling. These techniques are used in situations where practical considerations prohibit continued direct observation and recording every instance of behavior. With these measurement techniques, the total observation period is divided into smaller intervals and some portion of each interval is observed. The software will perform 2 types of functions: (1) Improve the efficiency of coding digital video behavioral samples. Continuously recorded digital video can be automatically divided into a series of user-defined video segments and each segment automatically displayed based on the needs of the user. Efficiency will be improved because the user does not need to view the entire video sample, but rather only the portions that are necessary for coding. (2) PBOS can be used to determine the relative accuracy of different measurement techniques. The user will first code a representative sample of the behavior by viewing an entire digital video while recording behavioral events. This produces a complete record of the actual frequency and duration of the behavior. The software will then calculate the estimated frequency and duration of this behavior that would be obtained using a range of momentary time sampling and interval recording values. The software will display the extent to which each set of recording parameters over-or under-estimates the actual frequency and duration of the behavior and indicate which coding strategy best measures the specific characteristics of the behavior of interest. The software development process will include implementation of the coding and analysis modules, verification of accuracy through comprehensive in-house testing, field tests for usability and clarity of user interface and documentation, and 2 product revision cycles. Special educators and clinical professionals who serve individuals with developmental disabilities such as mental retardation or autism are increasingly using digital video for behavioral observation and analysis. The Praxis Behavioral Observation Software (PBOS) product will include features to increase the accuracy and efficiency of conducting such analyses. Further, the product will include tools to determine the most accurate behavioral measurement techniques for analyzing digital video samples and conducting direct (live) behavioral observation.

描述(由申请人提供)：特殊教育工作者和临床专业人员为智力发育迟滞或自闭症等发育障碍个人提供服务，通常依靠行为观察来获得关键信息。这个STTR应用程序寻求资金支持Praxis行为观察软件(PBOS)的开发，该软件是一种工具，通过广泛使用的部分/整个间隔记录和瞬时时间采样测量技术来提高行为观察的效率和准确性。这些技术被用于实际考虑禁止继续直接观察和记录每一种行为的情况。利用这些测量技术，将整个观察期划分为较小的间隔，并观测每个间隔的某一部分。该软件将实现两种功能：(1)提高数字视频行为样本的编码效率。连续记录的数字视频可以自动划分为一系列用户定义的视频片段，并且每个片段根据用户的需要自动显示。效率将被提高，因为用户不需要查看整个视频样本，而是只需要查看编码所需的部分。(2)PBOS可用于确定不同测量技术的相对准确度。用户将首先通过在记录行为事件的同时观看整个数字视频来编码该行为的代表性样本。这将生成行为的实际频率和持续时间的完整记录。然后，软件将使用一系列瞬时时间采样和间隔记录值来计算这种行为的估计频率和持续时间。软件将显示每组记录参数高估或低估行为的实际频率和持续时间的程度，并指示哪种编码策略最好地衡量感兴趣行为的特定特征。软件开发过程将包括实施编码和分析模块，通过全面的内部测试核实准确性，实地测试用户界面和文件的可用性和清晰度，以及2个产品修订周期。为智力发育迟缓或自闭症等发育障碍患者提供服务的特殊教育工作者和临床专业人员越来越多地使用数字视频进行行为观察和分析。Praxis行为观察软件(PBOS)产品将包括一些功能，以提高进行此类分析的准确性和效率。此外，该产品将包括确定最准确的行为测量技术的工具，用于分析数字视频样本和进行直接(现场)行为观察。