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Praxis Behavioral Observation Software

Praxis 行为观察软件

基本信息

批准号：
7425920
负责人：
WILLIAM V DUBE
金额：
$ 35.65万
依托单位：
PRAXIS, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-09-03 至 2010-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Special educators and clinical professionals who serve individuals with developmental disabilities such as mental retardation or autism routinely rely on behavioral observation for critical information. This STTR application seeks funds to support the development of the Praxis Behavioral Observation Software (PBOS), a tool to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of behavioral observation with the widely used measurement techniques of partial/whole interval recording and momentary time sampling. These techniques are used in situations where practical considerations prohibit continued direct observation and recording every instance of behavior. With these measurement techniques, the total observation period is divided into smaller intervals and some portion of each interval is observed. The software will perform two types of functions: (1) Improve the efficiency of coding digital video behavioral samples. Continuously recorded digital video can be automatically divided into a series of user-defined video segments and each segment automatically displayed based on the needs of the user. Efficiency will be improved because the user does not need to view the entire video sample, but rather only the portions that are necessary for coding. (2) PBOS can be used to determine the relative accuracy of different measurement techniques. The user will first code a representative sample of the behavior by viewing an entire digital video while recording behavioral events. This produces a complete record of the actual frequency and duration of the behavior. The software will then calculate the estimated frequency and duration of this behavior that would be obtained using a range of momentary time sampling and interval recording values. The software will display the extent to which each set of recording parameters over- or under-estimates the actual frequency and duration of the behavior and indicate which coding strategy best measures the specific characteristics of the behavior of interest. The software development process will include implementation of the coding and analysis modules, verification of accuracy through comprehensive in- house testing, field tests for usability and clarity of user interface and documentation, and two product revision cycles. Special educators and clinical professionals who serve individuals with developmental disabilities such as mental retardation or autism are increasingly using digital video for behavioral observation and analysis. The Praxis Behavioral Observation Software (PBOS) product will include features to increase the accuracy and efficiency of conducting such analyses. Further, the product will include tools to determine the most accurate behavioral measurement techniques for analyzing digital video samples and conducting direct (live) behavioral observation.

描述（由申请人提供）：为智力迟钝或自闭症等发育障碍患者提供服务的特殊教育工作者和临床专业人员通常依靠行为观察来获取关键信息。该STTR申请寻求资金支持实践行为观察软件（PBOS）的开发，该软件通过广泛使用的部分/全间隔记录和瞬间时间采样测量技术来提高行为观察的效率和准确性。这些技术用于实际考虑禁止继续直接观察和记录每个行为实例的情况。利用这些测量技术，将整个观测周期划分为较小的区间，并对每个区间的一部分进行观测。该软件将实现两类功能：(1)提高数字视频行为样本的编码效率。连续录制的数字视频可以自动划分为一系列用户自定义的视频片段，并根据用户的需要自动显示每个视频片段。效率将得到提高，因为用户不需要查看整个视频样本，而只需要查看编码所需的部分。(2) PBOS可用于确定不同测量技术的相对精度。用户将首先通过观看完整的数字视频来记录行为事件，从而对行为的代表性样本进行编码。这将生成行为的实际频率和持续时间的完整记录。然后，软件将计算出这种行为的估计频率和持续时间，这些频率和持续时间将使用一系列瞬时时间采样和间隔记录值来获得。软件将显示每组记录参数高估或低估行为的实际频率和持续时间的程度，并指出哪种编码策略最能衡量感兴趣的行为的具体特征。软件开发过程将包括执行编码和分析模块、通过全面的内部测试核实准确性、实地测试用户界面和文件的可用性和清晰度，以及两个产品修订周期。为智力迟钝或自闭症等发育障碍患者提供服务的特殊教育工作者和临床专业人员越来越多地使用数字视频进行行为观察和分析。Praxis行为观察软件（PBOS）产品将包括提高进行此类分析的准确性和效率的功能。此外，该产品将包括确定最准确的行为测量技术的工具，用于分析数字视频样本并进行直接（现场）行为观察。