Behavioral Allocation and Choice Processes in MR

描述（由申请人提供）： 这些P01项目是统一的共同关注的行为过程中涉及的行为分配-选择决策-与智力残疾的个人。他们还共同努力，将广泛的基础实验室研究成果转化为对智力残疾者的有效、个性化的激励支持。通过应用定量方法的行为分配，我们的目标是促进理解的变量，由智力残疾人作出的选择类型的基础。一个长期目标是开发一种教学选择的技术，使个人，家庭和更大的社会背景受益。为此目的，每个项目将包括关于智力迟钝问题的先进定量方法的基础研究和在生态有效的教学环境中验证所产生的技术的应用研究。 这些主题在四个项目中探讨，并得到三个核心的支持。项目1强调严重智力残疾者在行为分配和坚持方面的基本选择过程。项目2采用行为经济学方法管理智力残疾人的动机变量。项目3利用信号检测理论对动机变量进行定量分析。项目4将行为选择的定量分析应用于涉及社会中介者（由另一个人介导的）和社会背景（由社会中介者的线索标记的）的情况。这些项目由三个研究核心进一步统一，提供基本的、具有成本效益的服务。技术支持核心集中并更有效地提供程序的常见技术支持需求（例如，计算机编程、数据库建设和管理、统计分析、仪器维护）。在这些项目中，参与者服务核心协助受试者招募、诊断和心理测量评估、时间安排和参与的连续性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): These P01 projects are unified by a shared focus on behavioral processes involved in the allocation of behavior - choice-making - among individuals with intellectual disabilities. They are also bound by a common effort to translate extensive basic laboratory research findings into effective, individualized motivational support to individuals with intellectual disabilities. Through application of quantitative approaches to behavioral allocation, our goal is to advance understanding of the variables that underlie the types of choices made by persons with intellectual disabilities. A longterm goal is to develop a technology for teaching choice-making that benefits the individual, the family, and the larger social context. Toward this end, each project will include both basic research on advanced quantitative methods to problems relevant to mental retardation and applied research to validate the resulting techniques in ecologically valid teaching settings. These themes are explored in four projects and supported by three cores. Project 1 emphasizes basic choice processes in behavioral allocation and persistence in persons with severe intellectual disabilities. Project 2 adopts a behavioral economics approach to the management of motivational variables for persons with intellectual disabilities. Project 3 utilizes signal detection theory in the quantitative analyses of motivational variables. Project 4 applies quantitative analyses of behavioral choice to situations that involve social reinforcers (those mediated by another person) and social contexts (those marked by cues for of social reinforcers). The projects are further unified by three research cores that provide essential, cost-effective services. TheTechnical Support core centralizes and renders more efficient the common technical support needs of the program (e.g., computer programming, database construction and management, statistical analysis, apparatus maintenance). Throughout these projects, the Participant Services core assists in subject recruitment, diagnostic and psychometric evaluation, scheduling, and continuity of participation.