Preventing Substance Abuse & Crime in Special Populations

描述（由申请人提供）：美国至少有750万智障人士（ID），其中大多数为轻度残疾。在过去的12年里，我们为这一目标人群提供的服务体系已经发生了转变，从强调一般智力功能，转向了一个关注功能能力的分类系统，并确定了ID患者（即智力迟钝）独立生存所需的最低外部支持。这一运动的意想不到的后果是，许多轻度本我的人有越来越大的被忽视的风险，并且由于缺乏社会能力、意识和社会支持，参与到可能导致伤害的行为和活动中（例如，药物滥用、犯罪）。针对青少年和成年身份证患者的药物滥用和反社会行为预防项目的缺乏，表明我国目前的服务体系存在重大差距。拟议的项目将编制一个交互式多媒体（IMM）培训方案，向有智力残疾（即轻度和中度智力迟钝）的青年和青年成人传授社会意识和社会能力，帮助他们避免和拒绝参与药物使用、酒精使用或滥用以及违法或犯罪行为（R-SAC）。该项目将填补对物质和酒精滥用预防课程的需求，并为轻度至中度智力残疾的青年和年轻人提供避免犯罪的策略。第一阶段将开发一个原型R-SAC方案，设计用于具有身份证的年轻男女，他们的法定年龄足以购买和消费酒精。将对40名法定年龄的受试者进行为期两周的随访，采用受试者前-后测试设计。在第二阶段，R-SAC计划将扩大到包括四个目标人群（即未成年男性，未成年女性，法定年龄男性和法定年龄女性）和两个R-SAC DVD程序，用于群体设置。整个II期项目的有效性将在一项大型随机试验中进行测试，并进行重要的随访期。

DESCRIPTION (provided by Applicant): There are at least 7.5 million people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in the United States, most with mild disabilities. Over the past 12 years our service delivery system for this target population has shifted, moving away from an emphasis on general intellectual functioning, to a classification system focused on functional ability and determination of the minimum external supports necessary for individuals with ID (i.e., mental retardation) to survive on their own. The unintended consequence of this movement is that many individuals with mild ID are at increased risk of falling through the cracks, and due to a lack of social competency, awareness, and social support, becoming involved in behaviors and activities that could result in harm (e.g., substance abuse, crime). The paucity of substance abuse and antisocial behavior prevention programs for youth and adults with ID represents a significant gap in our Nation's current service-delivery system. The proposed project will produce an interactive multimedia (IMM) training program to teach youth and young adults with intellectual disabilities (i.e., mild and moderate mental retardation) social awareness and social competencies to help them avoid and refuse to participate in substance use, alcohol use or misuse, and delinquent or criminal behavior (R-SAC). This project will fill a need for substance and alcohol abuse prevention curricula, and crime avoidance strategies for youth and young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities Phase I will develop a prototype R-SAC program, designed for use by young men and women with ID who are legally old enough to purchase and consume alcohol. A within-subject pre- post-test design with a two- week follow-up will be used with 40 legal age subjects. In Phase II, the R-SAC program will be expanded to include four target populations (i.e., underage males, underage females, legal age males, and legal age females) and two R-SAC DVD programs for use within group settings. The efficacy of the full Phase II program will be tested in a large randomized trial with a significant follow-up period.