Reducing Violence in the Lives of People with Intellectual Disabilities

描述(由申请人提供)：根据国家犯罪受害者调查(NCVS)的衡量，12岁及以上的残疾人在2007年经历了大约716,000起非致命性暴力犯罪和230万起财产犯罪。强奸、性侵犯、抢劫、严重侵犯和简单侵犯被归类为非致命性暴力犯罪。财产犯罪包括入室盗窃、机动车盗窃和财产盗窃。NCVS报告的重要发现表明，有认知功能障碍的人比任何其他类型的残疾人有更高的暴力受害风险，暴力犯罪率是非残疾人的1.5倍，强奸或性侵犯的比率是非残疾人的两倍以上。9在针对认知功能障碍个人的研究中，Sobsey(1994)发现，有认知功能障碍的人成为犯罪受害者的可能性是非残疾人的4到10倍。1在一系列涉及智力残疾人(ID)的研究中，Sobsey和Doe发现，在166名受访者中，82%的女性和18%的男性经历过性虐待。10在一项对215名受访者进行的相关研究中，79%的女性和21%的男性经历过性侵犯，其中62%的案例具有渗透性。在澳大利亚的一项研究中，威尔逊和布鲁尔(1992)发现，侵犯受害者的比例是非残疾人的3倍，性侵犯是非残疾人的11倍，抢劫是非残疾人的13倍。11人们普遍认为，患有身份证的人不报告针对他们所犯下的罪行的原因多种多样，从缺乏理解和沟通能力，到感到犯罪者同时也是照顾者的威胁。12虐待身份证的人是一个问题，患有身份证的人受到虐待的风险特别高。1、13-15该申请的长期目标是通过提高智障人士面对潜在虐待采取行动的意识和能力，减少虐待对智障人士的有害和创伤影响。与尤尼斯·肯尼迪·施莱弗NICHD的使命相关的是，MRDD分部对改善个人心理健康的辅助技术感兴趣。拟议的研究将能够将MRDD领域的基本行为研究成果迅速转化为改善ID患者生活的手段，并将社会负担降至最低。这项可行性研究将使用单组前测后测设计来研究使用计算机辅助程序来教育ID患者区分支持性关系和以虐待为特征的关系的可行性。 与公共健康的相关性：这项研究与公共健康的相关性在于，暴力和虐待对受害者有负面影响，往往导致心理和情感功能障碍。智障人士从小就经常成为暴力和虐待的受害者。为了促进心理和情感健康，智障人士将能够认识到性虐待和心理虐待或其威胁领域中的暴力和虐待，并对此作出反应。好了！

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As measured by the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), people with disabilities age 12 and older experienced approximately 716,000 nonfatal violent crimes and 2.3 million property crimes in 2007. Rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault and simple assault are classified as nonfatal violent crimes. Property crimes consist of household burglary, motor vehicle theft, and property theft. Significant findings from the NCVS report indicate that people with a cognitive functioning disability had a higher risk of violent victimization than persons with any other type of disability, that violent crime was 1.5 times higher than the rate for people without a disability, and the rate of rape or sexual assault was more than twice the rate for people without a disability.9 In studies specific to individuals with cognitive functioning disabilities, Sobsey (1994) found people with ID are 4 to 10 times more likely to be victims of crime than are people without disabilities.1 In a series of studies involving people with intellectual disabilities (ID), Sobsey and Doe found that of 166 respondents, 82 percent of women and 18 percent of men had experienced sexual abuse.10 In a related study of 215 respondents, 79 percent of females and 21 percent of males had experienced sexual abuse1 with penetration in 62 percent of cases. In an Australian study, Wilson and Brewer (1992) found that victimization rates for assault were 3 times higher than for the nondisabled population, sexual assault was 11 times higher, and robbery was 13 times higher.11 It is widely accepted that people with ID fail to report crimes committed against them for a variety of reasons ranging from lack of understanding and limited communication skills to feeling threatened by a perpetrator who is also a caregiver.12 Maltreatment of people with ID is a problem, and people with ID are at especially high risk of maltreatment. 1,13-15 The application's long-term objectives are to reduce the deleterious and traumatic impact of maltreatment on people with intellectual disabilities through increasing awareness and the ability of individuals with intellectual disabilities to take action in the face of potential maltreatment. The relevance to the mission of the Eunice Kennedy Schriver NICHD is that MRDD branch is interested in assistive technologies that improve an individual's mental health. The proposed study would enable rapid translation of basic behavioral research findings from the field of MRDD into means to improve the lives of individuals with ID, and to minimize the burden on society. This feasibility study will use a single-group pretest posttest design to study the feasibility of using a computer-assisted program to teach people with ID to differentiate between supportive relationships and those characterized by maltreatment. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The relevance of this study to the public health is the fact that violence and maltreatment has a negative effect on victims, often leading to psychological and emotional disruptions in functioning. People with intellectual disabilities are often victims of violence and maltreatment from an early age. In an effort to promote psychological and emotional health, people with intellectual disabilities will be self-empowered to recognize and respond to violence and maltreatment in the areas of sexual and psychological abuse or threats thereof. !