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Reducing HIV Risk in Adult Women with Intellectual Disabilities

降低成年智力障碍女性的艾滋病毒风险

基本信息

批准号：
7338903
负责人：
JENNIFER J. WELLS
金额：
$ 19.7万
依托单位：
TECH ASSISTANCE INST/INTELLECTUAL DISABL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-09-01 至 2009-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7338903
关键词：
18 year old AIDS prevention AIDS/HIV problem Abstinence Address Adolescent Adult Age Attention Attitude Behavioral Blood Body part CD-I CD-ROM Caring Categories Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Classification Client Clinic Communication Computers Consumer Satisfaction Contracts Decision Making Development Educational Curriculum Educational process of instructing Elements Environment Evaluation Eye Family Family Caregiver Female Flowcharts Focus Groups Friends Goals Guidelines HIV Health Health Care Visit Health Professional Hemp Heterosexuals Home environment Housing Human immunodeficiency virus test Institution Instruction Intellectual functioning disability Judgment Knowledge Lead Learning Libraries Life Liquid substance Marketing Massachusetts Mediation Methods Names Numbers Oral cavity Outcome Parents Patient currently pregnant Perception Phase Physicians Population Pregnancy Prevalence Prevention Prevention program Procedures Production Provider Public Health Purpose Race Randomized Rate Relative (related person)Reporting Research Resources Risk Seminal fluid Services Sex Behavior Sexual Health Sexual Transmission Sexuality Special Education Target Populations Technology Telephone Interviews Television Testing To specify United States Universal Precautions Victimization Vomiting Week Woman Writing advocacy organizations animation base checkup examination clinically significant concept condoms day design desire experience falls fight against penis programs prototype residence self esteem sex skills social statistics transmission process wasting young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): ): The purpose of this application is to develop a fully interactive multi-media computer-based CD-ROM HIV/AIDS prevention curricula for adult women with mild intellectual disabilities (I.Q. approximately 55 through 75). This prototype (i.e., initial Phase I development effort) will focus on HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention related to sexual behavior. The Phase I project, "Being female: My body, my responsibility," is designed with a very wide scope, covering a) transmission of HIV/AIDS through sexual contact (i.e., what HIV/AIDS is); b) HIV/AIDS avoidance strategies (i.e., barriers and abstinence); c) getting tested for HIV/AIDS (i.e., recognizing the need, finding a clinic resource); and d) taking responsibility for condom usage. Formative procedures (i.e., focus groups and telephone interviews) will be used to identify HIV/AIDS risk issues unique to women with ID (e.g., socially-appropriate responding; acquiescing; lack of ability to identify exploitative relationships, passivity, etc.) to inform program content, script writing, and framing. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by evaluating the Phase I program with both of our targeted user groups: sexually active adult women with mild ID and service providers who would purchase and use the program with their clients. This evaluative approach will allow us to establish that the program is useable by women with mild ID, effective at teaching them about the transmission and avoidance of HIV/AIDS, HIV/AIDS testing, and that they rate it highly on essential consumer satisfaction factors. In addition, we will confirm that the program is seen by service providers as appropriate for their clients, that it provides vital information and that they would use it and recommend it to their colleagues. Positive outcomes on both these evaluative activities will validate moving forward with a Phase II product. Phase II will use a randomized field trial with 240 subjects to evaluate the expanded Phase I activities. At Phase II, the project will be expanded through (a) tailoring by age (i.e., adolescent = age 14 through 17; young adult = age 18 through 28; mature adult = age 29 +) (b) tailoring by sexual experience; (c) development of a second program focused on non-sexually based HIV/AIDS transmission, teaching universal precautions as a primary means of prevention; and to (d) repurpose all program content developed for the CD-ROM programs for delivery via DVD-ROM as an additional means of delivering this life-saving content. 7. Project Narrative While there continues to be little research on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS among people with intellectual disabilities (ID), there is reason to believe that the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in women with ID is similar to, if not greater than, that of the non-ID population when looking at pregnancy statistics and the disproportionate numbers of females in Special Education who become pregnant (SANDAPP; Kleinfeld & Young 1989; Levy, Perhats, & Johnson, 1992) The CDC has identified unique challenges facing women in the fight against HIV/AIDS, and some of these challenges are amplified in women with mild ID, due to limited knowledge, limited communication skills, difficulty communicating with health care professionals, and the desire to be involved in intimate relationships while lacking some of the social judgment and decision-making skills that could help them identify and resist heterosexual interactions that lead to potential sexual exploitation and victimization (Massachusetts Department of Public Health HIV/AIDS Bureau, 2002).

描述（由申请人提供）：）：本申请的目的是为患有轻度智力障碍（智商约为 55 至 75）的成年女性开发完全交互式的基于计算机的多媒体 CD-ROM 艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防课程。该原型（即最初的第一阶段开发工作）将重点关注与性行为相关的艾滋病毒/艾滋病传播和预防。第一阶段项目“作为女性：我的身体，我的责任”的设计范围非常广泛，涵盖： a) 通过性接触传播艾滋病毒/艾滋病（即什么是艾滋病毒/艾滋病）； b) 艾滋病毒/艾滋病避免策略（即障碍和禁欲）； c) 接受艾滋病毒/艾滋病检测（即认识到需求、寻找诊所资源）； d) 负责使用安全套。形成程序（即焦点小组和电话访谈）将用于识别智障女性特有的艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险问题（例如，适合社会的回应；默许；缺乏识别剥削关系的能力，被动性等），为节目内容、剧本写作和框架提供信息。通过评估我们的两个目标用户群体的第一阶段计划来证明我们方法的可行性：具有轻度 ID 的性活跃成年女性以及将与客户一起购买和使用该计划的服务提供商。这种评估方法将使我们能够确定，该计划可供患有轻度智力障碍的妇女使用，能够有效地向她们传授艾滋病毒/艾滋病的传播和避免、艾滋病毒/艾滋病检测方面的知识，并且她们对基本的消费者满意度因素给予高度评价。此外，我们将确认服务提供商认为该计划适合其客户，它提供了重要信息，并且他们会使用它并向同事推荐它。这两项评估活动的积极成果将验证二期产品的进展。 II 期将使用 240 名受试者的随机现场试验来评估扩展的 I 期活动。在第二阶段，该项目将通过以下方式进行扩展：(a) 按年龄定制（即青少年 = 14 至 17 岁；青年 = 18 至 28 岁；成熟成人 = 29 岁以上） (b) 按性经历定制； (c) 制定第二个方案，重点关注非性行为的艾滋病毒/艾滋病传播，传授普遍预防措施作为主要预防手段； (d) 重新调整为 CD-ROM 节目开发的所有节目内容，以通过 DVD-ROM 传送，作为传送救生内容的附加方式。 7. 项目叙述虽然关于智障人士 (ID) 中艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行情况的研究仍然很少，但有理由相信，从怀孕统计数据以及特殊教育中怀孕的女性比例来看，智障妇女中艾滋病毒/艾滋病的流行率与非智障人群相似，甚至更高（SANDAPP；Kleinfeld & Young 1989；Levy，Perhats， & Johnson, 1992）疾病预防控制中心发现了女性在抗击艾滋病毒/艾滋病过程中面临的独特挑战，其中一些挑战在患有轻度智力障碍的女性中更为严重，因为她们知识有限，沟通技巧有限，与医疗保健专业人员沟通困难，以及渴望参与亲密关系，同时缺乏一些社会判断和决策技能，这些技能可以帮助她们识别和抵制导致潜在性剥削和性受害的异性恋互动（马萨诸塞州公共卫生部艾滋病毒/艾滋病局，2002 年）。