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Reducing HIV Risk in Adult Women with Intellectual Disabilities

降低成年智力障碍女性的艾滋病毒风险

基本信息

批准号：
7338903
负责人：
JENNIFER J. WELLS
金额：
$ 19.7万
依托单位：
TECH ASSISTANCE INST/INTELLECTUAL DISABL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-09-01 至 2009-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7338903
关键词：
18 year old AIDS prevention AIDS/HIV problem Abstinence Address Adolescent Adult Age Attention Attitude Behavioral Blood Body part CD-I CD-ROM Caring Categories Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Classification Client Clinic Communication Computers Consumer Satisfaction Contracts Decision Making Development Educational Curriculum Educational process of instructing Elements Environment Evaluation Eye Family Family Caregiver Female Flowcharts Focus Groups Friends Goals Guidelines HIV Health Health Care Visit Health Professional Hemp Heterosexuals Home environment Housing Human immunodeficiency virus test Institution Instruction Intellectual functioning disability Judgment Knowledge Lead Learning Libraries Life Liquid substance Marketing Massachusetts Mediation Methods Names Numbers Oral cavity Outcome Parents Patient currently pregnant Perception Phase Physicians Population Pregnancy Prevalence Prevention Prevention program Procedures Production Provider Public Health Purpose Race Randomized Rate Relative (related person)Reporting Research Resources Risk Seminal fluid Services Sex Behavior Sexual Health Sexual Transmission Sexuality Special Education Target Populations Technology Telephone Interviews Television Testing To specify United States Universal Precautions Victimization Vomiting Week Woman Writing advocacy organizations animation base checkup examination clinically significant concept condoms day design desire experience falls fight against penis programs prototype residence self esteem sex skills social statistics transmission process wasting young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): ): The purpose of this application is to develop a fully interactive multi-media computer-based CD-ROM HIV/AIDS prevention curricula for adult women with mild intellectual disabilities (I.Q. approximately 55 through 75). This prototype (i.e., initial Phase I development effort) will focus on HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention related to sexual behavior. The Phase I project, "Being female: My body, my responsibility," is designed with a very wide scope, covering a) transmission of HIV/AIDS through sexual contact (i.e., what HIV/AIDS is); b) HIV/AIDS avoidance strategies (i.e., barriers and abstinence); c) getting tested for HIV/AIDS (i.e., recognizing the need, finding a clinic resource); and d) taking responsibility for condom usage. Formative procedures (i.e., focus groups and telephone interviews) will be used to identify HIV/AIDS risk issues unique to women with ID (e.g., socially-appropriate responding; acquiescing; lack of ability to identify exploitative relationships, passivity, etc.) to inform program content, script writing, and framing. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by evaluating the Phase I program with both of our targeted user groups: sexually active adult women with mild ID and service providers who would purchase and use the program with their clients. This evaluative approach will allow us to establish that the program is useable by women with mild ID, effective at teaching them about the transmission and avoidance of HIV/AIDS, HIV/AIDS testing, and that they rate it highly on essential consumer satisfaction factors. In addition, we will confirm that the program is seen by service providers as appropriate for their clients, that it provides vital information and that they would use it and recommend it to their colleagues. Positive outcomes on both these evaluative activities will validate moving forward with a Phase II product. Phase II will use a randomized field trial with 240 subjects to evaluate the expanded Phase I activities. At Phase II, the project will be expanded through (a) tailoring by age (i.e., adolescent = age 14 through 17; young adult = age 18 through 28; mature adult = age 29 +) (b) tailoring by sexual experience; (c) development of a second program focused on non-sexually based HIV/AIDS transmission, teaching universal precautions as a primary means of prevention; and to (d) repurpose all program content developed for the CD-ROM programs for delivery via DVD-ROM as an additional means of delivering this life-saving content. 7. Project Narrative While there continues to be little research on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS among people with intellectual disabilities (ID), there is reason to believe that the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in women with ID is similar to, if not greater than, that of the non-ID population when looking at pregnancy statistics and the disproportionate numbers of females in Special Education who become pregnant (SANDAPP; Kleinfeld & Young 1989; Levy, Perhats, & Johnson, 1992) The CDC has identified unique challenges facing women in the fight against HIV/AIDS, and some of these challenges are amplified in women with mild ID, due to limited knowledge, limited communication skills, difficulty communicating with health care professionals, and the desire to be involved in intimate relationships while lacking some of the social judgment and decision-making skills that could help them identify and resist heterosexual interactions that lead to potential sexual exploitation and victimization (Massachusetts Department of Public Health HIV/AIDS Bureau, 2002).

描述(由申请人提供)：本申请的目的是为轻度智力残疾(智商约为55至75)的成年妇女开发一种完全互动的多媒体计算机光盘艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防课程。这一原型(即最初的第一阶段开发工作)将侧重于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的传播和与性行为有关的预防。第一阶段项目“作为女性：我的身体，我的责任”的设计范围非常广泛，包括a)通过性接触传播艾滋病毒/艾滋病(即艾滋病毒/艾滋病是什么)；b)避免艾滋病毒/艾滋病的战略(即障碍和禁欲)；c)接受艾滋病毒/艾滋病检测(即认识到需要，寻找诊所资源)；以及d)对使用避孕套负责。将使用形成性程序(即，焦点小组和电话访谈)来确定具有身份证的妇女特有的艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险问题(例如，对社会适当的反应；默许；缺乏识别剥削性关系的能力、被动等)。为节目内容、剧本编写和框架提供信息。通过评估第一阶段计划与我们的两个目标用户群体：拥有轻度ID的性活跃的成年女性和将与客户一起购买和使用该计划的服务提供商，来证明我们方法的可行性。这种评估方法将使我们能够确定该计划适用于轻度ID的妇女，有效地教导她们关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的传播和避免、艾滋病毒/艾滋病检测，以及他们在基本消费者满意度因素上对该计划的高度评价。此外，我们将确认服务提供商认为该计划适合他们的客户，它提供了重要信息，他们会使用它并向他们的同事推荐。这两项评估活动的积极结果将验证推进第二阶段产品的有效性。第二阶段将使用240名受试者的随机实地试验来评估扩大的第一阶段活动。在第二阶段，该项目将通过以下方式扩大：(A)按年龄(即青春期=14岁至17岁；青壮年=18岁至28岁；成年=29岁以上)进行调整；(B)按性经验进行调整；(C)制定第二个方案，重点是非性传播艾滋病毒/艾滋病，将普遍预防作为主要预防手段；(D)调整为光盘方案开发的所有方案内容的用途，将其作为提供这一救命内容的另一种手段。7.项目说明虽然关于智障妇女中艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行率的研究仍然很少，但从怀孕统计数据和特殊教育中怀孕的不成比例的女性人数来看，有理由相信智障妇女中艾滋病毒/艾滋病的流行率与非智障妇女的流行率相似，甚至更高(SANDAPP；Kleinfeld&Young 1989；Levy，Perhats，&Johnson，1992)美国疾病控制与预防中心确定了妇女在抗击艾滋病毒/艾滋病方面面临的独特挑战，其中一些挑战在轻度ID的妇女中放大，原因是知识有限，沟通技能有限，难以与卫生保健专业人员沟通，以及希望参与亲密关系，同时缺乏一些社会判断和决策技能，这些社会判断和决策技能可以帮助她们识别和抵制导致潜在的性剥削和受害的异性交往(马萨诸塞州公共卫生部艾滋病毒/艾滋病局，2002年)。