Locus coeruleus and processing of olfactory social cues

描述(申请人提供)：“自下而上”的感觉表征是由“自上而下”的影响形成的，比如行为状态和注意力。自从哺乳动物嗅觉的基本受体单位被发现以来，它就一直是人们非常感兴趣的主题，但关于基于受体的编码机制如何与主嗅球(MOB)的中枢反馈投射相互作用，人们知之甚少。肾上腺素能蓝斑(LC)传递有关觉醒和注意的信息。去甲肾上腺素(NE)在几种嗅觉学习行为中发挥作用，并在体外对MOB回路有已知的影响。这项研究将调查LC输入如何形成由尿液挥发物携带的个体身份的表征。实验将：1)观察清醒小鼠在社会嗅觉相互作用和学习过程中的LC活动。测试LC激活对MOB神经元气味反应和嗅觉的特定持久影响。)确定这种嗅觉可塑性的细胞回路机制。这些研究将提供一个难得的机会来检验唤醒和注意对与行为相关的知觉的影响。它们通常也与认知灵活性的机制和相关的病理，如注意缺陷多动障碍有关。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): 'Bottom up' sensory representations are shaped by 'top down1 influences, such as behavioral state and attention. Mammalian olfaction has been a subject of intense interest since the discovery of its fundamental receptor units, but little is known about how receptor-based coding mechanisms interact with central feedback projections in the main olfactory bulb (MOB). The adrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) transmits information about arousal and attention. Norepinephrine (NE) plays a role in several olfactory learning behaviors and has known effects on MOB circuitry in vitro. This study will investigate how LC input shapes representations of individual identity carried by urine volatiles. Experiments will: 1) observe LC activity in awake mice during social olfactory interaction and learning 2.) test the specific lasting effects of LC activation on odor responses of MOB neurons and olfactory perception 3.) determine the cellular circuit mechanisms of this olfactory plasticity. These studies will provide a rare opportunity to examine the effects of arousal and attention on ethologically relevant perception. They are also generally relevant to mechanisms of cognitive flexibility and related pathologies such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.