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Towards sustainable agriculture: Using genomics to understand Cryptosporidium infection in cattle breeds

迈向可持续农业：利用基因组学了解牛品种中的隐孢子虫感染

基本信息

批准号：
2873209
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Kent
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2023 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2873209
关键词：
Towards sustainable agriculture Using genomics

项目摘要

Only during 2017, ~1.9 million cattle were lost to nonpredator causes, with respiratory problems accounting for the highest percentage of losses (26.9%), followed by digestive problems (15.4%) (USDA), representing a combined death loss valued at $3.87 billion. One of the main digestive diseases is cryptosporidiosis, caused by the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium. In cattle, and especially for intensive cattle farming systems, cryptosporidiosis is considered globally endemic, with a prevalence of Cryptosporidium in stool samples of European cattle herds reported to range from 13% to 93%. Although this high economic cost, relatively few tools are currently available to combat it, with no existing vaccine and only one drug of limited utility. We have recently identified cattle resistant to Cryptosporidium infection in several EU farms, and the aim of this project is to understand the genetic basis of this resistance. To do so, the student will combine bioinformatics and wet-lab techniques to genotype animals from UK and EU farms. Then using state-of-the-art population genomics techniques, they will identify genomic regions differentiating infected from healthy animals. The study will then be expanded to include cattle breeds from South Asian origin with the aim to identify resistant breeds worldwide.

仅在2017年，约有190万头牛死于非捕食者原因，其中呼吸问题占损失的比例最高(26.9%)，其次是消化问题(15.4%)(美国农业部)，总死亡损失价值38.7亿美元。主要的消化系统疾病之一是隐孢子虫病，由原生动物寄生虫隐孢子虫引起。在牛中，特别是在集约化养牛系统中，隐孢子虫病被认为是全球地方性疾病，据报道，欧洲牛群粪便样本中隐孢子虫的流行率从13%到93%不等。尽管经济成本很高，但目前可用于抗击这种疾病的工具相对较少，没有现有的疫苗，只有一种用途有限的药物。我们最近在几个欧盟农场发现了对隐孢子虫感染具有抵抗力的牛，该项目的目的是了解这种抵抗力的遗传基础。为了做到这一点，该学生将结合生物信息学和湿法实验室技术来对来自英国和欧盟农场的动物进行基因分型。然后，他们将使用最先进的种群基因组学技术，识别区分受感染动物和健康动物的基因组区域。然后，这项研究将扩大到包括南亚起源的牛品种，目的是识别世界各地的抗性品种。