Transport, Transformation and Remediation of Contaminant

污染物的传输、转化和修复

• 批准号: 6900535
• 负责人: KATE M SCOW
• 金额: $ 25.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6900535
• 关键词: air pollution; biotransformation; environmental contamination; environmental exposure; environmental transport; functional /structural genomics; mathematical model; proteomics; soil microbiology; soil pollution; water pollution

Determining the potential human exposure to contaminants associated with Superfund sites requires an understanding of the persistence and movement of these contaminants in all environmental media. This Project is centered on assessment of human exposure to contaminants, with particular emphasis on determining how environmental fate and transport processes control the level and duration of such exposure. We will investigate basic physical, chemical, and biological processes, and their interactions, contributing to variability in fate and transport of contaminants in the vadose zone, groundwater, and surface water, and describe these processes in mathematical simulation models. Another important area is the development of approaches for monitoring bioremediation and establishment of appropriate cleanup levels. Particular emphasis will be on biodegradation of contaminants by microbes, both at the genomic/proteomic level in specific strains, as well as application of bioremediation technologies at the field scale. We will develop molecular tools to quantify microbial populations in time and space by targeting phylogenic and functional genes; develop basic information on contaminant biodegradation pathways; and link contaminant biodegradation directly to specific populations and their densities. We will estimate the relative importance of coupled physical, chemical, and biological fate processes occurring at multiple scales across multiple media in contributing to exposure variability. We will use transport and fate models to integrate our knowledge of the different rate limiting processes and complexity into the RBCA (Risk Based Corrective Action) framework, providing a more reliable, realistic tool for cleanup analysis and design. Consideration of multimedia contaminant transport is critical for determining human exposure. Accordingly, a new thrust of this project is on the transport of contaminants via atmospheric and surface water pathways, including investigation of exposure to particulate-associated contaminants in surface water and in air. Extraction methods, analytical methods, and experimental results related to particle bound contaminants obtained here will benefit from and contribute to Projects. In cooperation with Ellen Gold, epidemiologists at the California Department of Health Services, and the Statistical Analysis Core, we propose to both develop the appropriate methods and explore the consequences using field epidemiological data from a contaminated site that has caused human exposure (e.g., Rancho Cordova perchlorate problem).

确定与超级基金站点相关的污染物的潜在接触，需要了解这些污染物在所有环境媒体中的持久性和运动。该项目集中在评估人类暴露于污染物的因素，特别是确定环境命运和运输过程如何控制这种暴露的水平和持续时间。我们将研究基本的物理，化学和生物学过程及其相互作用，从而导致vadose区，地下水和地表水中污染物的命运和运输的变异性，并在数学模拟模型中描述这些过程。另一个重要领域是开发监测生物修复和建立适当清理水平的方法。特别强调的是微生物对污染物的生物降解 特定菌株中的基因组/蛋白质组学水平，以及在田间尺度上的生物修复技术的应用。我们将开发分子工具来通过靶向系统和功能基因来定量时间和空间中的微生物种群。开发有关污染物生物降解途径的基本信息；并将污染物生物降解直接与特定种群及其密度联系起来。我们将估计物理，化学和生物命运过程的相对重要性在多种培养基中多个尺度上发生，从而导致暴露变化。我们将使用运输和命运模型将我们对不同速率限制流程和复杂性的知识融合到RBCA（基于风险的纠正措施） 动作）框架，为清理分析和设计提供了更可靠，更现实的工具。考虑多媒体污染物运输对于确定人类暴露至关重要。因此，该项目的新推力是通过大气和地表水路运输污染物，包括研究地表水和空气中与颗粒相关污染物的暴露。提取方法，分析方法和 与此处获得的粒子结合污染物相关的实验结果将受益并为项目贡献。加利福尼亚卫生服务部的流行病学家艾伦·戈德（Ellen Gold）以及统计分析核心的艾伦·戈德（Ellen Gold）合作，我们建议开发适当的方法并使用来自受污染的现场的现场流行病学数据来探索后果，从而导致人类暴露于人类的接触（例如，Rancho Cordova Perchlate问题，Rancho Cordova perchlate问题）。