Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Cardiovascular Risk and Behavior

Omega-3 脂肪酸、心血管风险和行为

• 批准号: 7318147
• 负责人: MATTHEW F MULDOON
• 金额: $ 30.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-07 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7318147
• 关键词: Acids; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age-Years; Aggressive behavior; American; American Heart Association; Amygdaloid structure; Anger; Applications Grants; Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; Atherosclerosis; Attention Deficit Disorder; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Biological Availability; Biological Markers; Brain imaging; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carotid Arteries; Cause of Death; Cell physiology; Chronic; Coenzyme A; Communities; Consumption; Detection; Diet; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eating; Event; Fatty Acids; Fish Oils; Fishes; Forensic Medicine; Genes; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Variation; Goals; Heart Diseases; Heart Rate; Homeostasis; Hostility; Impulsivity; Individual Differences; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Intake; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Laboratories; Ligase; Link; Lipoxygenase; Literature; Major Depressive Disorder; Measures; Medial; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Micronutrients; Moods; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Observational Study; Omega-3 Fatty Acids; Participant; Patients; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Phenotype; Phospholipids; Placebo Control; Primary Prevention; Production; Program Research Project Grants; Proteins; Psychometrics; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rest; Rewards; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Serum; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stimulus; Structure; Supplementation; Testing; Thick; Ultrasonography; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Variant; Vascular Diseases; Ventral Striatum; Week; base; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular risk factor; cysteine rich protein; cytokine; day; depressive symptoms; disability; emotion regulation; fatty acid metabolism; heart disease risk; heart rhythm; instrument; mortality; pre-clinical; programs; promoter; psychologic; psychosocial; relating to nervous system; research study; volunteer

Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids are available primarily via consumption of fish and are known to serve many important roles in cell function and body homeostasis. Furthermore, these micronutrients reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) events when supplemented in the diets of patients with pre-existing heart disease. Given that Americans currently consume an average of only 120 mg of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids each day,the American Heart Association now recommends now recommends that all adults eat fish, particularly fatty fish, as least twice a week. As yet there is little direct evidence to support such an advisory since it is not clear either whether or how increasing fish consumption in the diet of the general pubic will reduce the risk of heart disease. In separate research, a relative deficiency in the omega-3 fatty acids has been associated with major depression, attention-deficit disorder and aggressive behavior in forensic samples. Once again, studies in healthy adults are lacking. Project 3 of this Program Project Grant application proposes to conduct two investigations, an observational study of 530 generally-healthy community volunteers 30-55 year of age,and,in a subset reporting low consumption of omega-3 fatty acids, a placebo-controlled supplementation experiment of 4 months duration. In both studies, markers of cardiovascular risk will be measured, as will psychological and behavioral characterises that have previously been linked to heart disease and omega-3 fatty acid availability. In addition, the observational study will include carotid ultrasound as a measure of pre-clinical atherosclerosis and functional brain imaging of regions regulating affect/threat detection and impulsivity/goal-directed behaviors. The research will test the hypotheses that high or raised EPA and DMA intake: 1) reduces CVD risk, 2) reduces depressive symptoms and antagonistic disposition, 3) reduces impulsivity and aggression, and 4) is related to activation of neural structures involved in affect and goal- directed behaviors. Finally, the effects of variation in genes regulating fatty acid metabolism will be studied. Relevance: CVD remains a leading cause of death and disability, and the search for new preventative interventions remains a prioty. Increasing fish and fish oil consmption appears to reduce mortality in patients with prexisiting heart disease and may have salutory effects on psychological health and well-being. The proposed research will more clearly establish whether fish oil supplementation reduces heart disease risk factors and is associated with other benefial effects on mood, antagonsitic disposition and impulsivity.

长链欧米茄-3脂肪酸主要通过食用鱼类获得， 在细胞功能和体内平衡中的重要作用。此外，这些微量营养素减少 心血管疾病（CVD）事件时，补充在饮食中的患者预先存在的心脏 疾病鉴于美国人目前平均只消耗120毫克的长链欧米茄-3脂肪酸， 美国心脏协会现在建议所有成年人吃鱼， 尤其是高脂肪的鱼，每周至少吃两次。到目前为止，还没有直接证据支持这样的建议。 由于不清楚增加公众饮食中的鱼类消费是否或如何 降低患心脏病的风险。在另一项研究中，ω-3脂肪酸的相对缺乏， 在法医样本中，它与重度抑郁症、注意力缺陷障碍和攻击性行为有关。 同样，缺乏对健康成年人的研究。本计划项目资助申请的项目3建议 进行两项调查，一项对530名一般健康的社区志愿者进行的观察性研究30-55 岁，并且在报告低ω-3脂肪酸摄入量的亚组中， 为期4个月的补充实验。在这两项研究中，心血管风险的标志物将 测量，以及以前与心脏病有关的心理和行为特征 和ω-3脂肪酸的可用性。此外，观察性研究将包括颈动脉超声作为 临床前动脉粥样硬化的测量和调节情感/威胁检测的区域的功能性脑成像 和冲动/目标导向行为。这项研究将测试假设，高或提高环保署和 DMA摄入：1）降低CVD风险，2）减少抑郁症状和拮抗倾向，3）减少 冲动性和攻击性，以及4）与涉及情感和目标的神经结构的激活有关- 定向行为。最后，将研究调节脂肪酸代谢的基因变异的影响。 相关性：CVD仍然是死亡和残疾的主要原因，寻找新的预防措施 干预仍然是优先事项。增加鱼和鱼油的摄入似乎可以降低患者的死亡率 与preexisting心脏病，并可能有有益的影响，心理健康和福祉。的 拟议中的研究将更清楚地确定鱼油补充剂是否能降低心脏病风险 因素，并与其他有益的影响情绪，对抗性倾向和冲动。