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Reduction in CVD risk in children by physical activity

通过体力活动降低儿童心血管疾病风险

基本信息

批准号：
7214827
负责人：
ROBERT C HICKNER
金额：
$ 30.15万
依托单位：
EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-05-01 至 2011-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7214827
关键词：
5&apos -AMP-activated protein kinase Abdomen Accounting Acetylcholine Achievement Acute Address Adenylate Cyclase Adherence Adipocytes Adipose tissue Adolescent Adrenergic Receptor Adult Adverse effects Advertisements Advertising Aerobic Aerobic Exercise Affect African American Age Agonist Alcohol consumption Am 80 American Analysis of Variance Appearance Appendix Apple Area Area Under Curve Arginine Arrhythmia Arts Axilla Back Behavior Therapy Beverages Bicycling Binding Biochemical Biological Assay Biometry Blood Blood Circulation Blood Glucose Blood Pressure Blood Vessels Blood capillaries Blood flow Blood specimen Body Composition Body Weight decreased Body fat Body mass index Body measure procedure Boxing Bucladesine C-reactive protein Caffeine Caliber Calories Camping Carbohydrates Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular system Caring Catecholamines Categories Caucasians Caucasoid Race Cells Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Central obesity Chairperson Chest Child Childhood Cholesterol Chronic Church Clinic Clinical Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Trials Data Monitoring Committees Code Coke Collaborations Collection Competence Computer software Computers Condition Confidentiality Congestive Heart Failure Consent Control Groups Controlled Environment Count County Cues Cyclic AMP Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases Cyclic GMP Daily Data Data Analyses Data Reporting Data Set Deposition Development Diabetes Mellitus Diagnostic Dialysis procedure Diastolic blood pressure Diet Diet Records Dietary Intervention Dietary intake Diffuse Disease Disruption Doctor of Philosophy Dose Down-Regulation Dropout EKG ST Segment Depression Eating Education Educational Curriculum Educational Intervention Educational process of instructing Effectiveness of Interventions Egtazic Acid Electrocardiogram Electronic Mail Elevation Emotional End Point Energy Intake Energy-Generating Resources Enrollment Ensure Environment Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Enzymes Epidemiology Equation Equipment Ethanol Ethnic Origin Ethyl Chloride Evaluation Excision Exclusion Exercise Exercise Physiology Exertion Exhibits Faculty Family Practice Fasting Fatty Acids Fatty acid glycerol esters Fellowship Female Figs - dietary Financial compensation Food Forskolin Funding Future Gender Gene Expression Gene Expression Regulation Genetic Markers Glucose Glucose Intolerance Glycerol Glycogen Goals Grant Habits Hand Health Health Care Costs Health Personnel Health system Healthcare Heart Atrium Heart Rate Heating Height Heparin Hepatic High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol High Density Lipoproteins High Pressure Liquid Chromatography High Prevalence Hip region structure Homeostasis Hormonal Hormones Hospitals Hour Housing Human Human Resources Hydrolysis Hyperglycemia Hyperinsulinism Hypertension Hypoglycemia Imagination Incentives Incidence Indirect Calorimetry Individual Infection Inflammatory Informed Consent Infusion Pumps Ingestion Insulin Insulin Resistance Intercellular Fluid Interleukin-6 Intervention Intervention Studies Interview Intuition Invasive Investigation Isoproterenol Japan Job Application Journals Juice Kilogram Knowledge LDL Cholesterol Lipoproteins Laboratories Laboratory Study Lead Learning Left Length Leptin Life Life Style Light Link Lipids Lipolysis Liquid substance Liver Low-Density Lipoproteins Macronutrients Nutrition Maintenance Mammals Manuscripts Master&apos s Degree Measurement Measures Mediating Medical History Meleagris gallopavo Membrane Menstrual cycle Mental Health Metabolic Metabolic Diseases Metabolic syndrome Metabolism Methodology Methods Microdialysis Minor Minority Mission Modeling Monitor Motivation Motor Skills Muscle Muscle Contraction Myocardial Ischemia National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Nature Neighborhoods Nerve Neuro-Oncological Ventral Antigen 2 Newspapers Nitrates Nitric Oxide Nitric Oxide Synthase Nitrites Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Nonesterified Fatty Acids Norepinephrine Normal Range North Carolina Numbers Nursing Schools Nutrient OGTT Obesity Occupations Operative Surgical Procedures Oral Tobacco Orthopedics Outcome Overweight Oxygen Oxygen Consumption Pain Paralysed Parents Parkinson Disease Participant Patient Self-Report Patient currently pregnant Patients Pattern Pediatrics Peptides Performance Perfusion Peripheral Peripheral Vascular Diseases Permeability Personal Satisfaction Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Dialysis Physical Education Physical Examination Physical Fitness Physical activity Physical activity scale Physician Executives Physicians Physiological Pilot Projects Plasma Play Population Population Heterogeneity Postdoctoral Fellow Premenopause Prevention Principal Investigator Problem behavior Procedures Production Professional counselor Protein Isoforms Protein Kinase Proteins Protocols documentation Puberty Publications Publishing Pump Purpose Questionnaires Race Randomized Range Rate Reader Recovery Recruitment Activity Regulation Relative (related person)Remunerations Reporting Research Research Design Research Ethics Research Personnel Resistance Rest Rheumatoid Arthritis Ringer&apos s solution Risk Risk Behaviors Risk Factors Risk Marker Risk Reduction Rodent Role Running Sample Size Sampling Sampling Studies Schedule School Nursing School Teachers Schools Science Screening procedure Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Self Efficacy Serum Signal Transduction Significance Level Silicon Dioxide Site Skates Skating Skeletal Muscle Skin Skinfold Thickness Sleep Smoke Socioeconomic Status Solutions South Carolina Speed Sports Sports Medicine Staff Development Staging Standards of Weights and Measures Stimulus Stroke Structure Students Study Subject Supplementation Surface Surveys Sweden Swimming Syringes System Techniques Telephone Testing Textbooks Thigh structure Time TimeLine Tissue Sample Tissues Training Translating Transportation Treadmill Tests Triceps Brachii Muscle Triglycerides Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Turkey bird Universities Update Vasoconstrictor Agents Vasodilator Agents Veins Venipunctures Venous Visceral Visit Vitamins Walking Washington Water Week Weight Weight Gain Woman Work Yogurt Youth abdominal fat adiponectin aged alcohol response analytical method authority base blood glucose regulation blood lipid boys capillary carbohydrate metabolism cardiovascular disorder risk cardiovascular risk factor care burden caucasian American computer science cost cysteine rich protein cytokine cytotoxic data management day demographics design diabetic diet and exercise dietary control document outlines experience falls fast food feeding genetic analysis ghrelin girls glucose monitor glucose output glucose tolerance glucose uptake grandparent high school human TNF protein human study improved in vivo indexing inhibitor/antagonist instrument insulin sensitivity insulin sensitizing drugs interest interstitial intervention program lipid metabolism macrophage male mathematical model medical complication medical schools member middle childhood nitrate novel novel diagnostics obesity risk omega-N-Methylarginine oxidation pediatric department pediatrician prevent professor programs psychologic receptor receptor function research and development research study respiratory response sample collection sedentary self esteem sex size skills small molecule social social cognitive theory statistics stem sterol esterase subcutaneous teacher treatment center uptake vascular endothelial dysfunction volunteer waist circumference

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Childhood overweight is a strong predictor of adult obesity. Abnormalities in glucose and lipid homeostasis are associated with body weight gain and many o f the alterations found in the Metabolic Syndrome. Obese sedentary adults, in particular obese African Americans, are more prone to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, lower rates of post- absorptive adipose tissue lipolysis per unit fat mass, poor post- prandial suppression of lipolysis and reduced blood flow. We propose to implement the novel use of microdialysis to assess interstitial glucose and glycerol concentrations as indices of blood glucose and adipose tissue lipolysis, respectively, and adipose tissue blood flow in lean and obese prepubescent children continuously over 24 hours. The hypothesis is that overweight children exhibit higher interstitial glucose concentrations throughout the day, reduced rates of basal lipolysis and poor postprandial suppression of lipolysis compared to lean children, and that these abnormalities will be associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Furthermore, 16- weeks of physical activity will normalize, or bring closer to lean, the glucose and lipolytic profiles of overweight children and will result in an improved cardiovascular disease risk profile. We will investigate lean and overweight African American and Caucasian children (8- 10 yr; n=80) before and after 16 weeks of increased physical activity. Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipolysis and glucose profiles will by monitored using microdialysis under resting fasting and fed conditions as well as in response to exercise. Microdialysis probes will be perfused with either a control solution, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (L- NMMA), or an activator of nitric oxide synthase (acetylcholine) to investigate the mechanism of the proposed reduction of basal lipolysis in obese and African American children. These investigations will determine if acute and chronic aerobic physical activity improves the lipolytic and glucose profiles in lean and overweight children, and whether these beneficial changes will be accompanied by improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors. The long- term objectives are: 1) to identify the relevant in- vivo metabolic and circulatory parameters that are deficient in overweight children and adults that place them at risk for metabolic and cardiovascular disease; and 2) to find practical means of reversing metabolic and circulatory insufficiencies in obese individuals, thereby reducing the incidence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

描述(由申请人提供)：儿童超重是成人肥胖的强烈预测因素。糖和脂平衡的异常与体重增加和代谢综合征的许多变化有关。久坐肥胖的成年人，特别是肥胖的非裔美国人，更容易出现高血糖、高胰岛素血症、单位脂肪块吸收后脂肪组织脂解率较低、餐后脂肪分解抑制较差以及血流减少。我们建议实施微透析的新用途，以评估间质葡萄糖和甘油浓度分别作为血糖和脂肪组织脂解的指标，以及持续超过24小时的瘦和肥胖青春期前儿童的脂肪组织血流。假设超重儿童全天表现出较高的间质葡萄糖浓度，基础脂解率降低，餐后对脂解的抑制较差，这些异常将与心血管疾病危险因素的更高患病率相关。此外，16周的体力活动将使超重儿童的血糖和脂肪分解曲线正常化或更接近瘦身，并将导致心血管疾病风险曲线的改善。我们将调查瘦和超重的非裔美国人和高加索儿童(8-10岁；n=80)在16周增加体力活动前后的情况。在静息、禁食和进食条件下，以及在运动反应下，使用微透析法监测腹部皮下脂肪组织的脂肪分解和血糖谱。微透析探头将与对照溶液、一氧化氮合酶抑制剂(L-NMMA)或一氧化氮合酶激活剂(乙酰胆碱)一起灌流，以研究肥胖和非裔美国儿童基础脂肪分解被提议减少的机制。这些研究将确定急性和慢性有氧运动是否能改善瘦和超重儿童的脂解和血糖状况，以及这些有益的变化是否会伴随着心血管疾病危险因素的改善。长期目标是：1)确定超重儿童和成人体内缺乏的相关代谢和循环参数，这些参数使他们面临代谢和心血管疾病的风险；以及2)寻找切实可行的方法来扭转肥胖者的代谢和循环不足，从而减少代谢和心血管疾病的发生率。