Reduction in CVD risk in children by physical activity

通过体力活动降低儿童心血管疾病风险

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    7214827
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2006-05-01 至 2011-04-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Childhood overweight is a strong predictor of adult obesity. Abnormalities in glucose and lipid homeostasis are associated with body weight gain and many o f the alterations found in the Metabolic Syndrome. Obese sedentary adults, in particular obese African Americans, are more prone to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, lower rates of post- absorptive adipose tissue lipolysis per unit fat mass, poor post- prandial suppression of lipolysis and reduced blood flow. We propose to implement the novel use of microdialysis to assess interstitial glucose and glycerol concentrations as indices of blood glucose and adipose tissue lipolysis, respectively, and adipose tissue blood flow in lean and obese prepubescent children continuously over 24 hours. The hypothesis is that overweight children exhibit higher interstitial glucose concentrations throughout the day, reduced rates of basal lipolysis and poor postprandial suppression of lipolysis compared to lean children, and that these abnormalities will be associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Furthermore, 16- weeks of physical activity will normalize, or bring closer to lean, the glucose and lipolytic profiles of overweight children and will result in an improved cardiovascular disease risk profile. We will investigate lean and overweight African American and Caucasian children (8- 10 yr; n=80) before and after 16 weeks of increased physical activity. Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipolysis and glucose profiles will by monitored using microdialysis under resting fasting and fed conditions as well as in response to exercise. Microdialysis probes will be perfused with either a control solution, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (L- NMMA), or an activator of nitric oxide synthase (acetylcholine) to investigate the mechanism of the proposed reduction of basal lipolysis in obese and African American children. These investigations will determine if acute and chronic aerobic physical activity improves the lipolytic and glucose profiles in lean and overweight children, and whether these beneficial changes will be accompanied by improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors. The long- term objectives are: 1) to identify the relevant in- vivo metabolic and circulatory parameters that are deficient in overweight children and adults that place them at risk for metabolic and cardiovascular disease; and 2) to find practical means of reversing metabolic and circulatory insufficiencies in obese individuals, thereby reducing the incidence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
描述(由申请人提供):儿童期超重是成人肥胖的一个强有力的预测因子。葡萄糖和脂质稳态异常与体重增加以及代谢综合征中发现的许多改变有关。肥胖久坐的成年人,尤其是肥胖的非裔美国人,更容易出现高血糖、高胰岛素血症,单位脂肪量吸收后脂肪组织的脂肪分解率较低,餐后脂肪分解的抑制作用较差,血流减少。我们建议实施微透析的新应用,以评估间质葡萄糖和甘油浓度分别作为血糖和脂肪组织脂解的指标,以及脂肪组织血流量连续超过24小时的青春期前瘦和肥胖儿童。假设超重儿童全天表现出更高的间质葡萄糖浓度,与瘦儿童相比,基础脂肪分解率降低,餐后脂肪分解抑制较差,这些异常将与心血管疾病风险因素的较高患病率相关。此外,16周的体育活动将使超重儿童的血糖和血脂水平正常化,或更接近瘦水平,并将导致心血管疾病风险的改善。我们将调查瘦弱和超重的非裔美国人和白种人儿童(8- 10岁;n=80)在增加体力活动16周之前和之后的情况。在静息禁食和进食条件下以及运动后,使用微透析监测皮下腹部脂肪组织脂解和葡萄糖谱。微透析探针将灌注对照溶液、一氧化氮合酶抑制剂(L- NMMA)或一氧化氮合酶活化剂(乙酰胆碱),以研究肥胖和非裔美国儿童减少基础脂肪分解的机制。这些研究将确定急性和慢性有氧体育活动是否能改善瘦和超重儿童的脂溶和葡萄糖谱,以及这些有益的变化是否会伴随着心血管疾病危险因素的改善。长期目标是:1)确定超重儿童和成人体内缺乏的相关代谢和循环参数,这些参数使他们处于代谢和心血管疾病的风险中;2)寻找切实可行的方法,扭转肥胖个体的代谢和循环不足,从而减少代谢和心血管疾病的发病率。

项目成果

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ROBERT C HICKNER其他文献

ROBERT C HICKNER的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('ROBERT C HICKNER', 18)}}的其他基金

Resistance Training Modulation of Fat Metabolism in Obese Postmenopausal Women
抗阻训练对肥胖绝经后妇女脂肪代谢的调节
  • 批准号:
    10383752
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 项目类别:
Resistance Training Modulation of Fat Metabolism in Obese Postmenopausal Women
抗阻训练对肥胖绝经后妇女脂肪代谢的调节
  • 批准号:
    10211863
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 项目类别:
Resistance Training Modulation of Fat Metabolism in Obese Postmenopausal Women
抗阻训练对肥胖绝经后妇女脂肪代谢的调节
  • 批准号:
    10617221
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 项目类别:
NADPH Oxidase and Microvascular Dysfunction in Obesity
肥胖中的 NADPH 氧化酶和微血管功能障碍
  • 批准号:
    8434433
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 项目类别:
Reduction in CVD risk in children by physical activity
通过体力活动降低儿童心血管疾病风险
  • 批准号:
    7626363
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 项目类别:
Regulation of lipolysis by nitric oxide and adenosine
一氧化氮和腺苷调节脂肪分解
  • 批准号:
    7072473
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 项目类别:
Reduction in CVD risk in children by physical activity
通过体力活动降低儿童心血管疾病风险
  • 批准号:
    7026895
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 项目类别:
Reduction in CVD risk in children by physical activity
通过体力活动降低儿童心血管疾病风险
  • 批准号:
    7425088
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 项目类别:
Exercise, muscle nutritive blood flow and eNOS in aging
衰老过程中的运动、肌肉营养性血流和 eNOS
  • 批准号:
    6544416
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 项目类别:
Exercise, muscle nutritive blood flow and eNOS in aging
衰老过程中的运动、肌肉营养性血流和 eNOS
  • 批准号:
    6649673
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 30.15万
  • 项目类别:

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