The Spatial Politics of Climate Finance: A case study of India

政党利益塑造了气候变化投资的空间政治吗？从对党派结盟效应的研究中，我们知道中央政府寻求扩大资源流向结盟的政治单位。在这里，我专门探讨气候融资福尔斯是否属于这种政治化模式。鉴于气候融资在资助适应以抵御气候变化影响和减缓以减少温室气体排放方面的重要性，必须查明和分析这种政治化，以及协同效应在多大程度上（积极和消极地）影响投资的总体功效。拟议的研究课题将探讨党派联盟对金融机构向印度各邦分配气候资金的影响，进一步分析通过直接和跨国转移的资金流动的性质。参与研究的机构包括世界银行、亚洲开发银行和德国国际合作机构（GIZ），因为印度严重依赖多边和双边融资来实现其低碳转型路径和国家气候行动目标。考虑到多因素的关注，有能力在这个单一国家的案例研究中对气候融资政治化进行比较研究。印度通过修订其NDC目标并承诺到2070年实现净零，加入了全球气候变化行动，这也意味着在次国家气候行动和区域优先事项的背景下理解气候融资至关重要（Winkler和Dubash，2016）。印度雄心勃勃的气候行动目标需要得到大量公共和私人资金的支持。因此，考虑到印度气候行动的财政负担，该国严重依赖世界银行、亚洲开发银行和德国国际合作机构（GIZ）等组织的多边和双边气候融资来源来实现其短期和长期目标也就不足为奇了。

Do party interests shape the spatial politics of climate change investment? From studies of partisan alignment effects, we know that central governments seek to inflate resource flows to aligned political units. Here, I specifically explore whether climate finance falls within this pattern of politicisation. Given the importance of climate finance in funding adaptation to protect against the impacts of climate change and mitigation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it is vital that such politicisation be identified and analysed, to what extent the synergies impact (positively and negatively) the overall efficacy of the investments. The proposed research topic will explore the impact of partisan alignment on financial institutions' distribution of climate finance to states in India, further analysing the nature of finance flow via direct and transnational transfers. The institutions identified as a part of the research are the World Bank, Asian Development Bank and Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), as India relies heavily on multilateral and bilateral finance to achieve its low carbon transition pathways and national climate action targets. Given the multi factor focus, there is capacity for a comparative study of climate finance politicisation within this single country case study. India joined the global action on climate change by revising their NDC targets and committing the country to Net Zero by 2070, which also means that it is of utmost importance to understand climate finance in the context of sub-national climate action and regional priorities (Winkler and Dubash, 2016). India's ambitious climate action targets needs to be backed up by substantial public and private finance. Therefore, considering the financial burden for climate action in India, it is of not much surprise that the nation relies heavily on multilateral and bilateral sources of climate finance through organizations like the World Bank, Asian Developmental Bank, and the 3 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) to fulfil their short- and long term targets.