2007 Protein Transport Across Membranes Gordon Conference

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案要求支持第二届蛋白质跨细胞膜运输戈登研究会议（GRC），该会议将于2007年6月10日至15日在意大利Il Ciocco举行。这次新的会议将集中讨论最新的发现，这些发现增强了我们对真核细胞、细菌和细胞器（例如线粒体和过氧化物酶体）中蛋白质跨膜运输或整合到膜中的机制的理解。由于所有细胞中大约25%的蛋白质必须至少穿过一层膜才能正确定位，因此蛋白质易位是生物学中最基本的问题之一。会议将讨论广泛的主题，包括1)易位蛋白的选择及其对易位位点的靶向，2)易位复合物和插入酶的结构，功能和组装，3)反向或逆行易位，4)易位底物折叠状态的约束，5)渗透屏障的维持，6)膜蛋白向脂质双分子层的侧向转移，7)脂质在蛋白质易位和膜蛋白整合中的作用，8)能量在蛋白质运输中的作用，9)蛋白质易位的调节和10)新的蛋白质易位机制。本次会议的主要目标之一是促进科学家之间的互动，他们使用不同的生化，遗传，基因组和结构方法来了解蛋白质跨膜运输的基本机制。此外，这次会议将使初级科学家接触到广泛的实验系统和问题，其中理解蛋白质易位和组装是至关重要的。这次会议的成立主要是为了弥补科学家们在蛋白质易位的不同但概念或机械相关方面工作的正式机会的严重缺乏，以满足和交流思想。戈登会议的参与者将包括来自学术界、政府和工业界的该领域的领导者，以及更多的初级科学家，包括许多代表该领域未来的研究生和博士后研究员。在本申请中寻求支持的一个主要用途是帮助这些初级科学家参加会议。戈登会议的组织是为了最大限度地提供讨论和展示该领域最新发现的机会，每天下午举行海报会议，并在每次正式会议后进行讨论。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal requests support for the 2nd Protein Transport Across Cell Membranes Gordon Research Conference (GRC), to be held June 10-15, 2007 at GRC site Il Ciocco in Italy. This new meeting will focus on the latest discoveries that enhance our understanding of the mechanisms by which proteins are transported across or integrated into membranes in eukaryotic cells, bacteria and organelles (e.g., mitochondria and peroxisomes). Since >25% of all proteins in all cells must cross at least one membrane to be correctly localized, protein translocation is one of the most fundamental problems in biology. The conference will address a wide range of topics including 1) the selection of proteins for translocation and their targeting to translocation sites, 2) the structure, function and assembly of translocation complexes and insertases, 3) reverse or retro-translocation, 4) constraints on the folded state of translocation substrates, 5) the maintenance of permeability barriers, 6) lateral transfer of membrane proteins into lipid bilayers, 7) the role of lipids in protein translocation and membrane protein integration, 8) the role of energy in protein transport, 9) the regulation of protein translocation and 10) novel protein translocation mechanisms. One of the main goals of this conference is to promote interactions among scientists who use diverse biochemical, genetic, genomic and structural approaches to understand fundamental mechanisms of protein transport across membranes. In addition, this conference will expose junior scientists to a broad range of experimental systems and problems in which understanding protein translocation and assembly is critical. This conference was established primarily to compensate for a striking dearth of formal opportunities for scientists who work on different but conceptually or mechanistically related aspects of protein translocation to meet and exchange ideas. The participants at the Protein Transport Across Cell Membranes Gordon Conference will include the leaders in the field, drawn from academia, government and industry, as well as more junior scientists, including many graduate students and postdoctoral fellows who represent the future in this area. A major use of the support sought in this application is to assist such junior scientists to participate in the meeting. The Gordon Conferences are organized to maximize opportunities for discussion and for the presentation of the latest findings in the field, with poster sessions occurring every afternoon and discussion periods after each formal session. This conference brings together scientists to discuss basic mechanisms of how a cell assembles and how proteins reach their correct location. This conference will discuss topics related to inherited diseases as well as ways in with bacteria and viruses may cause infection in humans. As a result, this conference leads to an increased understanding in the cause of disease and potential therapeutic approaches.