Sexual Orientation and Health Disparities in Adolescence

青春期的性取向和健康差异

• 批准号: 7232086
• 负责人: S BRYN AUSTIN
• 金额: $ 19.23万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7232086
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Alcohol consumption; Attitude; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Binge Eating; Bisexual; Cohort Studies; Communities; Data; Dimensions; Disease; Distress; Environment; Family; Female; Female Adolescents; Gays; Gender; Health; Health behavior; Healthy People 2010; Heterogeneity; Heterosexuals; Homosexuality; Learning; Lesbian; Life; Link; Minority; Modeling; Numbers; Outcome; Pattern; Persons; Population; Prevalence; Process; Rate; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Severities; Sex Characteristics; Sex Orientation; Stigmata; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Today; United States; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; Youth; austin; boys; depressive symptoms; experience; follow-up; health disparity; male; peer; prospective; psychological distress; psychosocial; research study; self esteem; sex; social; social cognitive theory; social stigma

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Healthy People 2010, the nation's essential document for setting the national agenda for health, identifies the persistence of health disparities across communities to be among the leading health challenges of our era. Recent studies suggest that the health of the nation's adolescent population may be patterned in important ways by sexual orientation group disparities. Depressive symptoms and low self-esteem have been proposed as underlying vulnerabilities driving elevated rates of risk behaviors in sexual minority adolescents. Rosario et al. propose a psychosocial Coming Out Process (COP) Model for adolescents in which dimensions of the process are linked with health behaviors. Additionally, drawing on Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), we propose that social norms in lesbian/bisexual female (LB) and gay/bisexual male (GB) communities also influence both positively and negatively health behaviors of sexual minority youth through processes of social learning. Family environment, an adolescent's age at the time of coming out, and presence or absence of preexisting psychosocial distress may be important factors influencing a young person's resiliency or risk and their experience with the coming out process. Research is needed to explore important predictors of the process of coming out and how this process relates to health behavior. We will examine sexual orientation in association with weight concerns, disordered weight control behaviors, binge eating, and tobacco and alcohol use in adolescent girls and boys in the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS), a longitudinal cohort study of 16,882 adolescents living across the U.S. In addition, we will examine factors that underlie the coming out process in adolescence, leading some to be more resilient while others have greater difficulties. Our specific aims are to compare the prevalence and severity over 4 years of follow-up of weight concerns and tobacco and alcohol use across sexual orientation groups among adolescent girls and boys and to empirically test the application of the COP Model and SCT to understand sexual orientation group disparities in health. We will examine prospectively the contribution of components of the COP Model and SCT in their relation to psychological distress and factors linked with LB and GB community social norms and orientation group differences in health outcomes.

描述（由申请人提供）：《2010 年健康人民》是美国制定国家健康议程的重要文件，它指出社区之间持续存在的健康差异是我们这个时代的主要健康挑战之一。最近的研究表明，性取向群体差异可能在很大程度上影响着全国青少年人口的健康。抑郁症状和低自尊被认为是导致性少数青少年危险行为发生率升高的潜在脆弱性。罗萨里奥等人。为青少年提出了一种心理社会出柜过程（COP）模型，其中该过程的各个维度与健康行为相关。此外，借鉴班杜拉的社会认知理论（SCT），我们提出女同性恋/双性恋女性（LB）和男同性恋/双性恋男性（GB）社区的社会规范也会通过社会学习过程对性少数青少年的健康行为产生积极和消极的影响。家庭环境、青少年出柜时的年龄以及是否存在心理社会困扰可能是影响年轻人的弹性或风险以及他们在出柜过程中的经历的重要因素。需要进行研究来探索出柜过程的重要预测因素以及该过程与健康行为的关系。 我们将在《今日成长研究》(GUTS) 中研究青春期女孩和男孩的性取向与体重问题、体重控制失常、暴饮暴食以及吸烟和饮酒之间的关系。GUTS 是一项对美国各地 16,882 名青少年进行的纵向队列研究。此外，我们还将研究青春期出柜过程中的因素，这些因素导致一些人更有弹性，而另一些人则面临更大的困难。我们的具体目标是比较青春期女孩和男孩中不同性取向群体的体重问题和烟酒使用情况的 4 年随访的患病率和严重程度，并通过实证检验 COP 模型和 SCT 的应用，以了解性取向群体在健康方面的差异。我们将前瞻性地研究 COP 模型和 SCT 的各个组成部分在与心理困扰以及与 LB 和 GB 社区社会规范以及健康结果的取向群体差异相关的因素方面的贡献。

项目成果

Gender Expression, Violence, and Bullying Victimization: Findings From Probability Samples of High School Students in 4 US School Districts.

• DOI: 10.1111/josh.12606
• 发表时间: 2018-04
• 期刊: The Journal of school health
• 作者: Gordon AR;Conron KJ;Calzo JP;White MT;Reisner SL;Austin SB
• 通讯作者: Austin SB

Sexual orientation and diurnal cortisol patterns in a cohort of U.S. young adults.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.04.012
• 发表时间: 2016-07
• 期刊: Psychoneuroendocrinology
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Austin SB;Rosario M;McLaughlin KA;Roberts AL;Gordon AR;Sarda V;Missmer S;Anatale-Tardiff L;Scherer EA
• 通讯作者: Scherer EA

Disparities in depressive distress by sexual orientation in emerging adults: the roles of attachment and stress paradigms.

• DOI: 10.1007/s10508-013-0129-6
• 发表时间: 2014-07
• 期刊: ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Rosario, Margaret;Reisner, Sari L.;Corliss, Heather L.;Wypij, David;Frazier, A. Lindsay;Austin, S. Bryn
• 通讯作者: Austin, S. Bryn

Disparities by Sexual Orientation in Frequent Engagement in Cancer-Related Risk Behaviors: A 12-Year Follow-Up.

• DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2015.302977
• 发表时间: 2016-04
• 期刊: American journal of public health
• 影响因子: 12.7
• 作者: Rosario M;Li F;Wypij D;Roberts AL;Corliss HL;Charlton BM;Frazier AL;Austin SB
• 通讯作者: Austin SB

Sexual-orientation disparities in substance use in emerging adults: a function of stress and attachment paradigms.

• DOI: 10.1037/a0035499
• 发表时间: 2014-09
• 期刊: Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors
• 作者: Rosario M;Reisner SL;Corliss HL;Wypij D;Calzo J;Austin SB
• 通讯作者: Austin SB