Hormonal Influences on Neural/Behavioral Development

荷尔蒙对神经/行为发育的影响

• 批准号: 7236263
• 负责人: Melissa Hines
• 金额: $ 15.36万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-12-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7236263
• 关键词: Hormonal; Influences; Neural; Behavioral; Development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Influences of androgen on human neural-behavioral development will be evaluated by studying psychological outcomes in individuals with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH: an autosomal recessive disorder causing increased adrenal androgen production beginning prenatally), as well as by relating normal variability in the prenatal hormone environment to postnatal behavior. 128 children with CAH (4-10 years) will be compared to 128 of their unaffected relatives in the same age range and to 128 demographically matched controls in regard to gender identity, gender constancy, social/cognitive processes involved in the acqusition of gender role behavior, and sex-typical toy, activity and playmate preferences. For 171 additional participants from the general population (who do not have CAH), testosterone in amniotic fluid will be related to postnatal behavior at the ages of 4 1/2, 5 1/2, and 6 1/2 years. Assessments of these children will be conducted using the same measures used to study individuals with CAH. Data will be collected by observation, interview and questionnaire, and cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches will be used. Hypotheses to be tested include: 1. Girls with CAH experience reduced feminine gender identity or are at increased risk for gender identity disorder; 2. High levels of androgen promote male-typical behavioral development in normal as well as abnormal situations; 3. Individual differences in gender role behavior are mediated by alterations in gender identity or in social/cognitive processes related to gender identity; 4. Alterations in gender identity in girls with CAH diminsh with age. The research will add to basic knowledge about the role of androgens in the development of human behavior, and will clarify the relevance to humans of animal models, where gonadal hormones have been found to influence basic processes of neural development and survival. In addition, the research will provide information on psychosexual outcomes in individuals with CAH, information which should prove relevant to other intersex conditions as well, and to other situations where fetuses are exposed to hormone-altering substances (e.g., "fertility" or contraceptive drugs, alcohol, cocaine, stress, environmental toxins). Finally, the research will further basic scientific understanding of the roles of hormones and social/cognitive processes in childrens acquisition of gender role behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：雄激素对人神经行为发展的影响将通过研究先天性肾上腺增生性增生的个体的心理结局来评估（CAH：CAH：一种导致肾上腺雄激素增加的肾上腺雄激素产生的肾上腺素遗传疾病），以及通过将正常可变性在产生肾上腺的变异性增加），以及通过关联正常可变性。 激素环境到产后行为。将128名CAH（4-10岁）的儿童与同一年龄范围内的128个未受影响的亲戚进行比较，与性别认同，性别持续性，社交/认知过程有关的128个人口统计学匹配的对照，性别角色行为和性别典型的玩具，活动，活动，活动，活动和乐观的偏好。对于来自一般人口的171名参与者（没有CAH）， 羊水中的睾丸激素将与4 1/2、5 1/2和6 1/2岁的年龄在产后行为有关。这些孩子的评估将使用与用于的相同措施进行 研究CAH的人。数据将通过观察，访谈和问卷收集，并将使用横断面和纵向方法。要测试的假设包括：1。患有CAH的女孩经历了女性性别认同的降低或对性别认同障碍的风险增加； 2。高水平的雄激素促进男性典型行为发展 在正常情况下和异常情况下； 3。性别角色行为的个体差异是由性别认同或与性别认同相关的社会/认知过程的改变介导的； 4。随着年龄的增长，患有CAH的女孩的性别认同改变。这项研究将增加有关雄激素在人类行为发展中的作用的基本知识，并将阐明与动物模型人类的相关性，在这种情况下，发现性腺激素会影响神经发育和生存的基本过程。此外，研究 将提供有关患有CAH的个体的心理性结果的信息，这些信息也应证明与其他两性条件有关，以及与胎儿的其他情况 暴露于改变激素的物质（例如“生育”或避孕药，酒精，可卡因，压力，环境毒素）。最后，这项研究将进一步科学理解激素和社会/认知过程在儿童对性别角色行为的收购中的作用。