Hispanics, built environment & metabolic syndrome

西班牙裔、建筑环境

• 批准号: 7210434
• 负责人: Jose Szapocznik
• 金额: $ 80.32万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-15 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7210434
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Factors; Biology; Calories; Communities; Complex; Condition; County; Cuba; Devices; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Environment; Equation; Figs - dietary; Growth; Health; Hispanics; Immigrant; Individual; Inflammation; Insulin Resistance; Life Style; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Metabolic syndrome; Methodology; Modeling; Natural experiment; Nature; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Outcome; Outcome Study; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Physical activity; Population; Publishing; Rate; Relative (related person); Sampling; Selection Bias; Social Environment; Testing; Time; Weight Gain; age group; base; day; energy balance; prospective; radius bone structure; residence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In a prospective longitudinal study, it is hypothesized that the built environment's walkability will impact the social environment's collective efficacy, and that these environmental variables together will influence physical activity. Controlling for diet, physical activity is hypothesized to predict adiposity, inflammation, and insulin resistance; and these in turn will predict progression in metabolic syndrome indicators. While these relationships have been tested separately, this application proposes an integrated and interdisciplinary test of the relationship among these variables. Hispanic immigrants are selected for this study because Hispanics have disproportionately high rates of diabetes. Moreover, for very recent immigrants, weight increases rapidly as a function of time in the US. The study proposes to explore trajectories of cultural change - and their impact on diet and physical activity - as a mechanism by which 'time in the US' may bring about its deleterious health outcome for this population. A sample is proposed that is uniquely suited to investigate this phenomenon in Hispanics, as well as the impact of the built environment on physical activity and health outcomes: Cuban immigrants within 90 days of arrival to the US. This sample addresses in part the self- selection bias that characterizes most built environment studies, because, when these individuals arrive in Miami-Dade County, they typically move to a neighborhood not of their choosing. Therefore, an ideal natural experiment occurs in which a naive sample in relation to non-walkable environments is distributed across a variety of walkability conditions. Participants will be 390, 30-45 year-old recent immigrants who do not meet criteria for metabolic syndrome. Built environment's walkability will be assessed through self-reports, and objectively using the .25 mile radius surrounding the participant's residence. Participants will be assessed on self-reported measures of collective efficacy, physical activity, diet, and biculturation, and objective measures of physical activity, adiposity, inflammation, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome indicators. Variables in the primary analyses will be continuously distributed. Growth curves will be estimated using growth curve methodology in a structural equations framework using Mplus 3.

描述(申请人提供)：在一项前瞻性的纵向研究中，假设建造环境的步行能力将影响社会环境的集体效能，并且这些环境变量将共同影响体力活动。控制饮食，体力活动被假设为预测肥胖、炎症和胰岛素抵抗；这些反过来将预测代谢综合征指标的进展。虽然这些关系已经分别进行了测试，但这项应用提出了对这些变量之间的关系进行综合和跨学科测试。之所以选择拉美裔移民进行这项研究，是因为拉美裔美国人的糖尿病发病率高得不成比例。此外，对于刚刚移民美国的人来说，体重会随着时间的推移而迅速增加。这项研究建议探索文化变化的轨迹--以及它们对饮食和体力活动的影响--作为一种机制，通过这种机制，在美国的时间可能会给美国人带来有害的健康后果。有人提出了一个样本，该样本特别适合于研究拉美裔美国人的这一现象，以及建筑环境对身体活动和健康结果的影响：古巴移民在抵达美国90天内。这个样本在一定程度上解决了大多数建筑环境研究的自我选择偏见，因为当这些人到达迈阿密-戴德县时，他们通常会搬到不是他们选择的社区。因此，一个理想的自然实验发生了，在这个实验中，相对于不适合步行的环境，一个幼稚的样本分布在各种适合步行的条件下。参与者将是390名30-45岁的新移民，他们不符合代谢综合征的标准。建造环境的步行能力将通过自我报告进行评估，并客观地使用参与者住所周围0.25英里的半径。参与者将接受自我报告的集体疗效、体力活动、饮食和双文化程度的测量，以及体力活动、肥胖、炎症、胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征指标的客观测量。初步分析中的变量将持续分布。增长曲线将在使用Mplus 3的结构方程框架中使用增长曲线方法进行估计。