Hispanics, built environment & metabolic syndrome

在一项前瞻性纵向研究中，假设建筑环境的步行性将影响 社会环境的集体效能，这些环境变量将共同影响 体力活动。控制饮食，身体活动被假设为预测肥胖，炎症， 胰岛素抵抗;这些反过来将预测代谢综合征指标的进展。虽然这些 关系已经分别测试，本申请提出了一个综合和跨学科的测试 这些变量之间的关系。西班牙裔移民被选为这项研究，因为西班牙裔 糖尿病的发病率高得不成比例。此外，对于最近的移民，体重增加 该研究提出，要探索文化变革的轨迹-- 他们对饮食和身体活动的影响-作为一种机制，“在美国的时间”可能会带来其 对这一人群有害的健康后果。提出了一个样本，这是唯一适合调查 西班牙裔的这种现象，以及建筑环境对身体活动和健康的影响 结果：古巴移民抵达美国后90天内。这个例子在一定程度上解决了自我- 选择偏见，大多数建筑环境研究的特点，因为，当这些人到达 迈阿密戴德县，他们通常搬到一个社区，而不是他们的选择。因此，理想的自然 实验中，一个与非步行环境相关的原始样本分布在一个 各种步行条件。参加者将是390名，30-45岁的新移民谁不满足 代谢综合征的标准。建筑环境的可步行性将通过自我报告进行评估， 客观地使用参与者住所周围0.25英里的半径。参与者将被评估 自我报告的集体效能、身体活动、饮食和双文化的测量，以及客观测量 体力活动、肥胖、炎症、胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征指标。变量 在主要分析中，将连续分布。将使用生长曲线估计生长曲线 使用Mplus 3的结构方程框架中的方法。

In a prospective longitudinal study, it is hypothesized that the built environment's walkability will impact the social environment's collective efficacy, and that these environmental variables together will influence physical activity. Controlling for diet, physical activity is hypothesized to predict adiposity, inflammation, and nsulin resistance; and these in turn will predict progression in metabolic syndrome indicators. While these ¿elationships have been tested separately, this application proposes an integrated and interdisciplinary test of the relationship among these variables. Hispanic immigrants are selected for this study because Hispanics have disproportionately high rates of diabetes. Moreover, for very recent immigrants, weight increases rapidly as a function of time in the US.The study proposes to explore trajectories of cultural change - and their impact on diet and physical activity - as a mechanism by which 'time in the US' may bring about its deleterious health outcome for this population. A sample is proposed that is uniquely suited to investigate this phenomenon in Hispanics, as well as the impact of the built environment on physical activity and health outcomes: Cuban immigrants within 90 days of arrival to the US. This sample addresses in part the self- selection bias that characterizes most built environment studies, because, when these individuals arrive in Miami-Dade County, they typically move to a neighborhood not of their choosing. Therefore, an ideal natural experiment occurs in which a naive sample in relation to non-walkable environments is distributed across a variety of walkability conditions. Participants will be 390, 30-45 year-old recent immigrants who do not meet criteria for metabolic syndrome. Built environment's walkability will be assessed through self-reports, and objectively using the .25 mile radius surrounding the participant's residence. Participants will be assessed on self-reported measures of collective efficacy, physical activity, diet, and biculturation, and objective measures of physical activity, adiposity, inflammation, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome indicators. Variables in the primary analyses will be continuously distributed. Growth curves will be estimated using growth curve methodology in a structural equations framework using Mplus 3.