Memory dissociations and risk for AD versus VaD

AD 与 VaD 的记忆分离和风险

• 批准号: 7283016
• 负责人: ELIZABETH C LERITZ
• 金额: $ 3.84万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7283016
• 关键词: Affect; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Anisotropy; Area; Atrophic; Blood Vessels; Brain; Brain region; Characteristics; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Condition; Data; Dementia; Demyelinations; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Disruption; Dissociation; Early Diagnosis; Exhibits; Familiarity; Fellowship; Fiber; Hippocampus (Brain); Image; Impairment; Individual; Inferior; Learning; Lesion; Literature; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Medial; Memory; Memory Disorders; Memory Loss; Memory impairment; Middle frontal gyrus structure; Modeling; Monitor; Names; Nature; Neurons; Neuropsychological Tests; Participant; Pathology; Pattern; Performance; Prevalence; Process; Provider; Purpose; Relative (related person); Retrieval; Risk; Source; Staging; Structure; Surface; Symptoms; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Tissues; Vascular Dementia; base; brain volume; comparison group; density; design; entorhinal cortex; episodic memory impairment; executive function; frontal lobe; frontal lobe function; indexing; interest; memory recognition; neuroimaging; neuropathology; neuropsychological; regional difference; research study

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) is increasing rapidly. Early detection of these disorders is critical, particularly now that significant progress has been made regarding diagnosis and treatment. The beginning stages of AD are characterized by atrophy to medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures, and consequently, episodic memory loss is a defining feature. In VaD, cognitive deficits arise from vascular damage to frontal lobe (FL) brain regions, and as a result, executive functioning deficits prevail. Current diagnostic criteria include memory loss as the primary neuropsychological symptom for both diseases. However, given the distinct cognitive and neuroanatomical characteristics, it is likely that the underlying memory disorders for AD and VaD are distinctive as well. In order to more clearly elucidate memory functioning in individuals at risk for developing AD and VaD, we propose two experiments which will investigate MTL and FL memory functioning in individuals at risk for AD and VaD. Performance on these tasks will be correlated with anatomical data gathered from sophisticated neuroimaging techniques designed to capture the underlying neuronal integrity of MTL and FL brain areas. Collectively, this data will provide invaluable clinical and theoretical contributions to the current literature on dementia risk.

描述（由申请人提供）：阿尔茨海默病（AD）和血管性痴呆（VaD）的患病率正在迅速增加。早期发现这些疾病至关重要，特别是现在诊断和治疗方面已取得重大进展。 AD 的早期阶段的特点是内侧颞叶 (MTL) 结构萎缩，因此，情景记忆丧失是一个决定性特征。在 VaD 中，认知缺陷是由额叶 (FL) 大脑区域的血管损伤引起的，因此，执行功能缺陷占主导地位。目前的诊断标准包括记忆丧失作为这两种疾病的主要神经心理学症状。然而，鉴于不同的认知和神经解剖学特征，AD 和 VaD 的潜在记忆障碍也可能是不同的。为了更清楚地阐明有 AD 和 VaD 风险的个体的记忆功能，我们提出了两个实验来研究有 AD 和 VaD 风险的个体的 MTL 和 FL 记忆功能。这些任务的表现将与从复杂的神经成像技术收集的解剖数据相关联，该技术旨在捕获 MTL 和 FL 大脑区域的潜在神经元完整性。总的来说，这些数据将为当前有关痴呆症风险的文献提供宝贵的临床和理论贡献。