Rapid Sampling for Resistant S. Pneumonaie in Guatemala

危地马拉耐药性肺炎链球菌快速采样

• 批准号: 7122476
• 负责人: ERICA LYNN DUEGER
• 金额: $ 10.85万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-30 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7122476
• 关键词: Guatemala; Hispanic Americans; Streptococcus pneumoniae; antibiotics; child (0-11); clinical research; drug resistance; human subject; penicillins; questionnaires; respiratory infections; viral vaccines; virus protein

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this International Research Scientist Development Award is to provide Erica L. Dueger, DVM, PhD with a period of protected time for training and mentored research that will prepare her to pursue an independent career in international public health. Dr. Dueger is an assistant scientist at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (JHSPH) in the Department of International Health and is currently conducting field research on the epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae at the Centro de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades (CECEN) at the Universidad del Valle de Guatemala. The candidate' s long-term goal is to contribute to the improvement of global health through research and policy development in infectious diseases and vaccinology. Following completion of this mentored research project and training period, Dr. Dueger will be positioned to compete successfully for NIH individual investigator funding and effectively and independently conduct collaborative, interdisciplinary research projects in disease surveillance and vaccinology worldwide. Through this grant, the candidate aims to develop a base of skills and knowledge that are critical to conducting large scale, community-based surveillance research and vaccine trials. Her goals are 1) to develop skills necessary to successfully transition from veterinary-focused research to international human public health research; 2) to obtain training in laboratory techniques, quality control assurance, Good Laboratory and Clinical Practices (GLP and GCP), and geographical information systems; 3) to develop grant writing skills; 4) to obtain fluency in Spanish; and 4) to gain practical experience in the conduct of population-based research in the developing world, particularly in the areas of infectious disease surveillance and vaccine trials. She plans to achieve these goals through a combination of coursework, intensive laboratory training, conferences and workshops, conversational Spanish classes, and a mentored research project. The primary objective for this application is to define the community prevalence of penicillin non-susceptible S. pneumoniae (PRSP) and to evaluate the impact of a protein-based vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage of this organism. We will evaluate the feasibility of using lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) methods to identify clusters of high PRSP prevalence and we will compare the prevalence and geographic distribution of PRSP in children < 2 years of age from different urban socio-economic strata with rural areas of Guatemala. This will be accomplished by a series of cross-sectional surveys of nasopharyngeal samples in target socio-economic groups using both stratified random sampling and LQAS. The proposed project will take advantage of the infrastructure created by a large ongoing outpatient surveillance study at CECEN evaluating the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in Guatemala City, as well as a CECEN Phase II clinical trial to evaluate a protein based S. pneumoniae vaccine in infants. In the latter part of the award, the proposal will test the feasibility of using LQAS sampling methodologies to determine prevalence of PRSP from selected urban zones and rural departments of Guatemala. The study will provide crucial information for the development of models for community transmission dynamics of drug-resistant S. pneumoniae in Guatemala. These models and study methods will be used to identify intervention points for at risk populations and to evaluate strategies, including vaccines, for the control of PRSP. As such, this proposal addresses an emerging and rapidly increasing public health problem in many developing countries, including Guatemala.

描述（由申请人提供）：这个国际研究科学家发展奖的目的是提供埃里卡L。Dueger，DVM，博士，有一段受保护的时间进行培训和指导研究，这将使她准备在国际公共卫生领域从事独立的职业生涯。Dueger博士是国际卫生部约翰霍普金斯彭博公共卫生学院（JHSPH）的助理科学家，目前正在危地马拉瓦莱大学的研究与控制中心（CECEN）进行肺炎链球菌流行病学的实地研究。候选人的长期目标是通过传染病和疫苗学的研究和政策制定为改善全球健康做出贡献。在完成这一指导研究项目和培训期后，Dueger博士将能够成功地竞争NIH个人研究者的资金，并有效地独立开展全球疾病监测和疫苗学方面的跨学科合作研究项目。通过这笔赠款，候选人的目标是发展技能和知识的基础，这是进行大规模的，以社区为基础的监测研究和疫苗试验至关重要。她的目标是：1）培养从兽医研究成功过渡到国际人类公共卫生研究所需的技能; 2）获得实验室技术，质量控制保证，良好实验室和临床实践方面的培训（GLP和GCP），和地理信息系统; 3）发展赠款写作技能; 4）获得流利的西班牙语;（4）在发展中国家开展以人口为基础的研究，特别是在传染病监测和疫苗试验领域，获得实际经验。她计划通过课程作业，强化实验室培训，会议和研讨会，西班牙语会话课程和指导研究项目的组合来实现这些目标。本申请的主要目的是确定青霉素非敏感性链球菌的社区患病率。pneumoniae（PRSP），并评估基于蛋白质的疫苗对鼻咽携带这种微生物的影响。我们将评估使用批量质量保证抽样方法的可行性，以确定减贫战略文件高流行率的集群，我们将比较危地马拉不同城市社会经济阶层和农村地区2岁以下儿童中减贫战略文件的流行率和地理分布。这将通过使用分层随机抽样和LQAS对目标社会经济群体的鼻咽样本进行一系列横断面调查来完成。拟议的项目将利用CECEN正在进行的一项大型门诊监测研究所建立的基础设施，该研究评估了危地马拉城侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的发病率，以及CECEN II期临床试验，以评估基于蛋白质的S。肺炎疫苗在婴儿。在授标的后半部分，该提案将测试使用生活质量评估抽样方法的可行性，以确定危地马拉某些城市地区和农村省份减贫战略文件的普及程度。本研究为建立耐药沙门氏菌的社区传播动力学模型提供了重要信息。危地马拉的肺炎这些模式和研究方法将用于确定高危人群的干预点，并评价包括疫苗在内的减贫战略文件控制战略。因此，这项建议涉及包括危地马拉在内的许多发展中国家新出现的和迅速增加的公共卫生问题。

项目成果

Culture- and antigen-negative meningitis in Guatemalan children.

危地马拉儿童的培养和抗原阴性脑膜炎。

• DOI: 10.1590/s1020-49892008001000004
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health
• 作者: Dueger,EricaL;Asturias,EdwinJ;Halsey,NealA;GuatemalaPediatricBacterialSurveillanceWorkingGroup
• 通讯作者: GuatemalaPediatricBacterialSurveillanceWorkingGroup