Prevention of Ovarian Cancer in Women Participating in Mammography

参加乳房X光检查的女性预防卵巢癌

• 批准号: 7406542
• 负责人: Nicole Denise Urban
• 金额: $ 44.51万
• 依托单位: FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2010-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7406542
• 关键词: Prevention; Ovarian; Cancer; Women; Participating

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Prevention of Ovarian Cancer in Women Participating in Mammography Abstract: The evidence-based policy that we seek to promote is risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) in women at high risk (HR) for ovarian cancer. Impediments to the successful translation of this policy are that some women are not aware of their risk, and that the appropriate timing of the surgery remains unclear. Our strategy to enhance widespread adoption and institutionalization of this policy is to take advantage of the availability of family history (FH) data in mammography systems in order to systematically identify HR women for referral to risk/genetic counseling (R/GC). In addition we will explore the use of serum markers as risk prediction tools to complement FH. Our long-term goal is prevention of ovarian cancer. An intervention has been demonstrated to work well: prophylactic removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes once child-bearing is completed. While it would be inappropriate to recommend this surgery for all women, it is recommended for women with a strong FH suggestive of an inherited susceptibility, especially for those with a documented mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2. The first impediment, that there is no systematic identification of HR women, can be addressed using available data and systems. The additional impediments, that most ovarian cancer occurs in women without a mutation or FH and that the timing of RRSO in these women is uncertain, require a novel approach. We will explore the use of serum markers to predict diagnosis of ovarian cancer in the HR population. We will identify women at HR based on FH at the time of their annual mammogram for referral to a genetic counselor (GC). A randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be performed at the Swedish Breast Cancer Center (SBCC) to evaluate the efficacy of this strategy in increasing rates of RRSO. An effectiveness study of the same strategy will be conducted at Group Health (GH) of Puget Sound to learn how guidelines for receipt of R/GC are adopted in practice. In addition we will explore the novel use of risk prediction serum markers to predict the diagnosis of malignancy or pre-invasive cancer in HR women enrolled in the study. This work will provide the evidence needed to optimize strategies for widespread adoption and institutionalization of systematic identification of HR women for appropriate intervention to prevent ovarian cancer incidence and mortality. Keywords: ovarian cancer, prevention, prophylactic surgery, risk, biomarkers, screening, symptoms STATEMENT We will evaluate a system-wide strategy to routinely identify women with a significant family history of breast and ovarian cancer, so that they can be informed by genetic counselors of their high risk for these cancers. Our goal is to promote surgical removal of ovaries and fallopian tubes in women who are at very high risk for these cancers, because there is clear evidence that this surgery can reduce the risk for ovarian cancer by over 90%, as well as the risk of breast cancer by 50% if the procedure is performed prior to menopause. A novel aspect of our work is that we will also evaluate a panel of serum markers for its ability to predict ovarian malignancy within the next two years, to assist high-risk women in their decision-making about the timing of preventive actions.

描述（由申请人提供）：参与乳房 X 光检查的女性预防卵巢癌 摘要：我们寻求推广的循证政策是对卵巢癌高危 (HR) 女性进行降低风险的输卵管卵巢切除术 (RRSO)。成功实施这一政策的障碍是一些女性没有意识到自己的风险，并且手术的适当时机仍不清楚。我们促进该政策广泛采用和制度化的战略是利用乳房X光检查系统中家族史（FH）数据的可用性，以便系统地识别HR女性以转诊至风险/遗传咨询（R/GC）。此外，我们将探索使用血清标志物作为风险预测工具来补充 FH。我们的长期目标是预防卵巢癌。一项干预措施已被证明效果良好：一旦生育完成，预防性切除卵巢和输卵管。虽然建议所有女性进行这种手术是不合适的，但建议患有强烈 FH（提示遗传易感性）的女性，特别是那些有 BRCA1 或 BRCA2 突变记录的女性。第一个障碍是没有系统地识别人力资源女性，可以使用现有的数据和系统来解决。其他障碍是，大多数卵巢癌发生在没有突变或 FH 的女性中，并且这些女性接受 RRSO 的时机不确定，因此需要一种新的方法。我们将探索使用血清标志物来预测 HR 人群卵巢癌的诊断。我们将根据每年进行乳房 X 光检查时的 FH 来识别 HR 中的女性，以便将其转介给遗传咨询师 (GC)。瑞典乳腺癌中心 (SBCC) 将进行一项随机对照试验 (RCT)，以评估该策略在提高 RRSO 率方面的功效。普吉特海湾的 Group Health (GH) 将针对同一策略进行有效性研究，以了解如何在实践中采用 R/GC 接收指南。此外，我们将探索风险预测血清标志物的新用途，以预测参加该研究的 HR 女性的恶性肿瘤或浸润前癌症的诊断。这项工作将为优化战略所需的证据，以广泛采用和制度化对人力资源女性的系统识别，以采取适当的干预措施，预防卵巢癌的发病率和死亡率。关键词：卵巢癌、预防、预防性手术、风险、生物标志物、筛查、症状 声明 我们将评估一项全系统策略，以常规识别具有显着乳腺癌和卵巢癌家族史的女性，以便遗传咨询师告知她们患这些癌症的高风险。我们的目标是推广对这些癌症风险极高的女性进行卵巢和输卵管切除手术，因为有明确证据表明，这种手术可以将卵巢癌的风险降低 90% 以上，如果在绝经前进行手术，则可以将患乳腺癌的风险降低 50%。我们工作的一个新颖之处是，我们还将评估一组血清标记物在未来两年内预测卵巢恶性肿瘤的能力，以帮助高危女性决定采取预防措施的时机。