Interfacial Adsorption of Pulmonary Surfactant

肺表面活性剂的界面吸附

• 批准号: 7317197
• 负责人: STEPHEN B HALL
• 金额: $ 39.53万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-05-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7317197
• 关键词: Adopted; Adsorption; Adult; Affect; Air; Alveolar; Alveolus; Animals; Blood capillaries; Breathing; Characteristics; Decompression Sickness; Depth; Differential Scanning Calorimetry; Disease; Elements; Environmental air flow; Face; Film; Floods; Helix (Snails); Infant; Injury; Kinetics; Lipids; Liquid substance; Literature; Lung; Lung diseases; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Muscle Rigidity; Newborn Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Peptides; Phase; Physical Function; Premature Infant; Process; Proteins; Publishing; Pulmonary Edema; Pulmonary Surfactants; Range; Rate; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Respiratory Failure; Roentgen Rays; Shapes; Structure; Surface Tension; Temperature; Testing; Variant; Vesicle; Water; alveolar type II cell; base; blood lead; capillary; ear helix; improved; injured; interfacial; programs; pulmonary function; research study; surfactant; synthetic peptide

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pulmonary surfactant lowers surface tension in the lungs. The type II pneumocyte synthesizes and secretes a mixture of lipids and proteins that together act as a surfactant, adsorbing to the air/water interface of the thin liquid layer that lines the alveoli and lowering surface tension. The function of pulmonary surfactant is essential for normal breathing. When surface tension is elevated, ventilation injures the lungs, damaging the thin barrier that separates alveolar air from capillary blood. The injury leads to pulmonary edema and respiratory failure. The best defined disorder caused by elevated surface tension is the Respiratory Distress Syndrome, in which premature infants are born prior to developing normal levels of surfactant. The most conclusive evidence that deficient surfactant causes the disorder is the improved survival that results from treating these infants with exogenous surfactant. The most effective of these agents, however, are obtained from animals, and these surfactant are unavailable in sufficient amounts for treating adults with other disorders related to abnormal surfactant. Our studies focus on the process by which surfactant vesicles adsorb to the interface. The absence of the hydrophobic surfactant proteins, which promote the rapid formation of the surfactant film, leads to RDS, despite normal levels of the surfactant lipids. These results demonstrate the fundamental importance of the process by which constituents adsorb to the interface. The mechanisms by which adsorption occurs is the focus of our studies. Relevance: Pulmonary surfactant forms a thin films that lines the small alveolar air sacks of the lungs. In the absence of these films, the process of ventilation injures the thin barrier between the alveolar air space and the capillary blood, leading to the flooding of the air spaces and respiratory failure. This research will determine how the surfactant films form to promote the basis for understanding why pulmonary diseases occur and how they can be treated.

描述(申请人提供)：肺表面活性物质降低肺表面张力。II型肺泡细胞合成和分泌一种脂类和蛋白质的混合物，它们一起充当表面活性物质，吸附到排列在肺泡内的薄液体层的空气/水界面上，降低表面张力。肺表面活性物质的功能对正常呼吸是必不可少的。当表面张力升高时，通风会损害肺部，破坏将肺泡空气与毛细血管血液隔开的薄屏障。这种损伤会导致肺水肿和呼吸衰竭。由表面张力升高引起的最佳定义障碍是呼吸窘迫综合征，即早产儿在表面活性物质水平正常之前出生。缺乏表面活性物质导致这种疾病的最确凿证据是，使用外源性表面活性物质治疗这些婴儿可以提高存活率。然而，这些药物中最有效的是从动物身上获得的，这些表面活性物质不足以治疗患有其他与异常表面活性物质相关的疾病的成年人。我们的研究主要集中在表面活性剂囊泡吸附到界面上的过程。尽管表面活性物质的脂类水平正常，但由于缺乏促进表面活性物质快速形成的疏水表面活性蛋白，会导致RDS。这些结果证明了组分吸附到界面的过程的基本重要性。吸附发生的机理是我们研究的重点。相关性：肺表面活性物质形成一层薄膜，排列在肺部的小肺泡气囊内。在没有这些膜的情况下，通风过程会损害肺泡空间和毛细血管之间的薄屏障，导致空气空间泛滥和呼吸衰竭。这项研究将确定表面活性物质膜是如何形成的，以促进了解肺部疾病发生的原因和如何治疗的基础。