Ordinary Self-consciousness and the Self-Conscious Emotions

背景：有一种熟悉的自我意识的感觉，比方说，当走进一个满是陌生人的房间时。这是一种独特的、有点令人费解的感觉。(I)它似乎涉及一名受试者同时从两个角度看待自己：观察者的观点和受试者的观点。(2)它似乎涉及一个评价部分，而不需要进行特定的评价。(3)它似乎涉及到有人在不需要特定的评估员的情况下对一个人进行评估的想法。事实上，一个人可以独自一人感到难为情。虽然熟悉，但这是一种在哲学上被忽视的自我意识形式。尴尬、羞愧、内疚、骄傲等被称为“害羞”情绪的情绪受到了更多的关注。目的和目的：这项拟议的研究旨在描述和分析这种自我意识的变化。然而，它也试图探索它与那些自觉的情感之间的关系。研究认为，虽然在这个意义上，自我意识与这些情绪是不同的，但自我意识情绪依赖于更原始的自我意识能力。它将进一步论证，我们可以通过对自我意识的分析来解释尴尬、羞愧、内疚和骄傲的不同特征。应用和好处：理解这种自我意识有望成为更好地理解我们与自己和他人关系的一部分。对这种自我意识的研究还将以新的方式将两个更熟悉的哲学关注领域联系起来：一方面是更纯粹的自我意识概念，另一方面是羞愧、内疚和骄傲的自我意识情感。设想的工作将对心理学和文学系复兴的一个领域做出哲学贡献。这项工作可能会引起这些部门的研究人员的兴趣，并将促进与研究人员在自我意识情绪方面的跨学科合作。

Context:There is a familiar feeling of self-consciousness one experiences, say, when walking into a room full of strangers. It is a distinctive and somewhat puzzling feeling. (i) It seems to involve a subject taking two perspectives on herself at a time: an observer's perspective and a subject's perspective. (ii) It seems to involve an evaluative component without there needing to be a particular evaluation. (iii) It seems to involve the idea of someone evaluating one without there needing to be a particular evaluator. Indeed, one can feel self-conscious all by oneself. Although familiar, this is a somewhat philosophically neglected form of self-consciousness. The emotions known as the 'self-conscious' emotions: embarrassment, shame, guilt, pride have received much more attention. Aims and Objectives:The proposed research aims to describe and analyse this variety of self-consciousness. However, it also seeks to explore the relation between it and those self-conscious emotions. The research will argue that while self-consciousness, in this sense, is distinct from these emotions, the self-conscious emotions are dependent on the more primitive capacity to feel self-conscious. It will further argue that we can explain distinct characteristics of embarrassment, shame, guilt and pride, by appealing to the analysis of self-consciousness offered.Applications and Benefits:Understanding such self-consciousness promises to be part of a better understanding of our relation to ourselves and others. Study of such self-consciousness will also connect, in new ways, two more familiar areas of philosophical concern: the more purely philosophical notions of self-consciousness on the one hand, and the self-conscious emotions of shame, guilt, and pride, on the other. The work envisaged would result in a philosophical contribution to an area that is resurgent in both Psychology and Literature departments. The work may be of interest to researchers in those departments and would facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration with researchers on the self-conscious emotions.