ANCESTRAL ADMIXTURE AND INSULIN

祖传混合物和胰岛素

• 批准号: 7603207
• 负责人: JOSE A FERNANDEZ
• 金额: $ 9.94万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2008-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7603207
• 关键词: Acute; Admixture; Adult; African American; American; Behavioral; Blood; Body Composition; Child; Childhood; Collection; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; DNA Sequence; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Dietary intake; Eating; Etiology; European; Fasting; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Funding; Genetic; Genome; Glucose; Grant; Hormones; Institution; Insulin; Intervention; Living Wills; Measures; Mexican Americans; Phenotype; Physical Fitness; Physical activity; Population; Prevalence; Race; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Sampling; Sampling Studies; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Staging; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Visit; design; disorder prevention; disorder risk; insulin secretion; insulin sensitivity; intravenous glucose tolerance test; racial difference; racial/ethnic difference; response; trait

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The prevalence of diabetes is higher among African-Americans (AA) and Mexican Americans (MA) vs European Americans (EA). These differences are not completely explained by demographic and/or health-related variables, suggesting that genetic factors are involved. With limited exceptions, the majority of observations regarding population differences in diabetes-related traits refer to EA and AA adults. However, several studies have demonstrated that racial differences in insulin-related phenotypes have their origin in childhood, making the prepubertal population an appropriate target for study. Hence, this study has been designed to investigate children of different racial groups. Studying prepubertal children is extremely important for a variety of reasons. First, by studying this sample we will be looking at the early pathophysiological factors, before many environmental and behavioral factors exert an influence in disease risk. In addition, understanding the etiology of diabetes-related traits in children will allow the development of intervention strategies at early stages of life that will increase disease prevention. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of genetic and environmental parameters on racial/ethnic differences in aspects of insulin secretion and action. The specific hypotheses to be tested are that, 1) Lower levels of European admixture (ADM) are associated with higher fasting insulin, lower insulin sensitivity (Si), and higher acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg); 2) In children with lower levels of European ADM, lower levels of physical activity will explain, in part, lower levels of Si and higher levels of fasting insulin and AIRg; in children with lower levels of European ADM, neither food intake nor socioeconomic status (SES) will have an effect on measures of fasting insulin, Si and AIRg; 3) Sequences of DNA across the genome represented by ancestry informative markers will be significantly associated with fasting insulin, Si, and AIRg. Testing will be conducted during two overnight GCRC visits, which will include collection of blood for genetic admixture analysis; a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test for determination of insulin sensitivity and secretion; and a meal tolerance test for examination of GI-derived insulinotropic hormones. Body composition, fat distribution, SES, dietary intake, and physical fitness also will be assessed.

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 糖尿病在非裔美国人(AA)和墨西哥人中的患病率更高 美国人(MA)对欧洲美国人(EA)。这些差异不能完全用人口统计和/或健康相关的变量来解释，这表明遗传因素也参与其中。除了有限的例外，大多数关于糖尿病相关特征的人群差异的观察涉及EA和AA成年人。然而，几项研究表明，胰岛素相关表型的种族差异源于儿童时期，这使得青春期前人群成为合适的研究对象。因此，这项研究旨在调查不同种族的儿童。出于各种原因，研究青春期前儿童是极其重要的。首先，通过研究这个样本，我们将在许多环境和行为因素对疾病风险产生影响之前，观察早期的病理生理因素。此外，了解儿童糖尿病相关特征的病因将有助于在生命早期制定干预策略，从而加强疾病预防。这项研究的主要目的是调查遗传和环境参数对胰岛素分泌和作用方面的种族/民族差异的影响。需要检验的具体假设是：1)较低的欧洲混合胰岛素(ADM)水平与较高的空腹胰岛素、较低的胰岛素敏感性(SI)和较高的急性胰岛素对葡萄糖的反应(AIR G)相关；2)在较低的欧洲ADM水平的儿童中，较低的体力活动水平将部分解释较低的SI水平以及较高的空腹胰岛素和AIR G水平；在较低的欧洲ADM水平的儿童中，食物摄入量和社会经济地位(SES)都不会对空腹胰岛素、SI和AIR G的测量产生影响；3)由祖先信息标记代表的基因组中的DNA序列将与空腹胰岛素、Si和airG显著相关。测试将在两次GCRC通宵访问期间进行，其中包括采集血液进行遗传混合物分析；经常抽样的静脉葡萄糖耐量测试以确定胰岛素敏感性和分泌；以及膳食耐量测试以检查胃肠道衍生的胰岛素样激素。还将评估身体成分、脂肪分布、SES、饮食摄入量和身体健康。