Archaeotools: Data mining, facetted classification and E-archaeology

该项目以先前的工作为基础，开发工具，使考古学家能够在协作环境中共享和分析数据集和出版物。它有三个相互关联的目标，每个目标都有一个独特的工作包，第一个目标是根据三个标准：时间、内容和地点，为ADS/ AHDS考古结构化数据库编制索引，该数据库有100多万元数据记录，描述不列颠群岛的遗址和古迹。该项目将利用信息科学中的分面分类技术，使用户能够在由此创建的三维空间中导航，探索三维空间中的数据集，并在具体记录之间建立联系。将开发一个以地图为基础的界面，以便最好地探索空间维度，第二，该项目将采用自然语言处理技术，使自动化工具能够在文件中搜索属于已知分类方案一部分的术语，将其添加到分面索引中，并提供更深入和更丰富的未出版考古文献。虽然这些文献构成了英国境内大多数考古调查的主要记录，但学术和公众访问的水平迄今为止一直受到严重限制，对考古研究造成了重大限制。还将采用一些工具，使用户能够按照自己的标准对文件进行分类和编制索引，从而为分类增加用户定义的更多方面。这些工具还将用于调查是否也有可能在较旧的古物文献中识别和获取索引术语，这些文献以目前正在数字化和制作的考古期刊的回溯为代表。可在线获取。由于这些较老的文献中的现场报告很少提供精确的地理空间坐标，因此有必要调查自然语言处理是否能够识别和收集地名。如果这是可以实现的，那么地名可以提供给现有的软件，该软件可以在地名的在线地名录中查找地名，并返回可以添加到索引中的精确网格坐标。在项目结束时，我们将为考古研究创建一个主要的可持续资源，并通过AHDS考古学提供给所有用户。它也将有可能为灰色文献的未来格式和索引提出建议，并为更广泛的人文电子科学界吸取教训。

This project builds upon previous work to develop tools which will allow archaeologists to share and analyse datasets and publications within a collaborative environment. It has three interrelated objectives, each represented by a distinct workpackage.The first aim is to index the ADS/ AHDS Archaeology structured database of over one million metadata records describing sites and monuments in the British Isles, according to three criteria: When, What and Where. The project will use techniques of facetted classification, derived from information science, to allow users to navigate the three-dimensional space thereby created, allowing them to explore the data sets held in the three-dimensional space, and to make links between specific records. A map-based interface will be developed to allow the spatial dimension to be best explored.Secondly the project will employ techniques of natural language processing to allow automated tools to search within documents for terms which are part of known classification schemes, adding them to the facetted index, and providing much deeper and richer access to unpublished archaeological literature. Although this literature forms the primary record of most archaeological investigation within the UK, the level of scholarly and public access has hitherto been severely curtailed, imposing a major constraint on archaeological research. Tools will also be employed which will allow users to impose their own classifications and index the documents according to their own criteria, adding further user-defined dimensions to the classification.Thirdly, these tools will also be employed to investigate whether it is also possible to identify and harvest index terms within older antiquarian literature as represented by back runs of archaeological journals currently being digitised and being made available online. As site reports in this older literature rarely give precise geospatial coordinates it will be necessary to investigate if natural language processing will allow the recognition and harvesting of place names. If this is achievable then the placenames can be supplied to existing software which can look up the names in an online gazetteer of names and return precise grid coordinates which can be added to the index.At the end of the project we will have created a major sustainable resource for archaeological research and made it available to all users via AHDS Archaeology. It will also be possible to make recommendations for the future format and indexing of grey literature, and to draw lessons for the wider humanities e-Science community.