Highly bright and narrow emitting nanocrystal fluoreagents for multiplexed detect

描述（由申请人提供）：基于双折射的多路检测和光谱学在分析化学、分子生物学和医学诊断中的应用越来越多。例如，基因组学和蛋白质组学研究的快速发展已经阐明了多个生物标志物的可用性，与单一标志物检测相比，同时检测多个生物标志物允许以显著提高的准确性诊断复杂疾病如癌症。快速、灵敏和同时检测食品、水和空气中的多种病原体，对于确保公共安全和保护公众免受潜在的生物恐怖主义袭击至关重要。在现代结构生物学中，同时探测较大生物分子（如多亚基蛋白质）内不同位点之间的距离变化将提供有价值的信息，这些信息可用于开发合理的药物设计和快速开发用于化学和生物对策的疫苗。然而，具有高且独特的荧光发射的高质量荧光剂的可用性是所有上述应用的先决条件。该NIH SBIR计划将开发一系列具有高亮度，稳定性和窄发射的合金三元半导体纳米晶体，易于与蛋白质和DNA等生物分子生物共轭，因此可以理想地用作多重检测和光谱学中的荧光剂。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Fluorescence-based multiplexed detection and spectroscopy is finding more and more applications in analytical chemistry, molecular biology, and medical diagnostics. For example, rapid advance in genomics and proteomics research has elucidated the availability of multiple biomarkers, of which simultaneous detection allow diagnosing the complex diseases such as cancer with significantly improved accuracy in comparison with the single marker detection. Rapid, sensitive and simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens in food, in water, and in air, is essential to ensure public safety and to protect the public against potential bioterrorism. In the modern structural biology, simultaneously probing the change in distances between different sites within a larger biomolecule such as multi-subunit proteins would provide valuable information that can be utilized for the development of rational drug design and rapid vaccine development for chemical and biological countermeasures. While, the availability of high quality fluoreagents with the high and distinguished fluorescent emission is the prerequisite for all above-mentioned applications. This NIH SBIR program will develop a series of alloyed tertiary semiconductor nanocrystals that have highly bright, stable, and narrow emission, are readily to be bio-conjugated with biomolecules such as proteins and DNA, and thus can be ideally be used as fluoreagents in multiplexed detection and spectroscopy.