Language Policy on Corsica: the State, the activists and the islanders

地中海岛屿科西嘉自大革命前20年以来一直是法国的一部分，尽管其融入民族国家的问题一直存在，尤其是在语言方面。该研究项目将以旧政权的自由放任态度和革命的地震转变为出发点，概述十九世纪和二十世纪的主要语言政策。该研究项目将导致出版一本关于科西嘉语言政策的专著，其中将具体审查教育在语言政策中的作用。对国家语言规划的反应可以追溯到1960年代以来岛上种族民族主义的兴起，将对国家和活动分子之间的共生关系进行调查。最后，将利用社会语言学家在二十世纪后半叶发展的语言态度方法，绘制具有代表性的岛民的反应图，特别侧重于世纪进入二十一世纪的这一转折点。本研究采用时间顺序法，将利用大量关于法语语言政策的材料和作者于1999年、2000年、2003年和2005年在岛上进行的原始社会语言学研究，从而可以研究不断变化的语言态度。这项研究将通过最近的语言规划工作，理论和正在出版的具体案例研究，以及社会语言学在过去几十年中的趋势，其中包括语言规划在接触，语言过时和语言死亡的调查。该卷对这一领域作出了贡献，重点介绍了欧洲中部一个以指令性和干预性语言政策而闻名的国家被忽视的例子。由于缺乏对科西嘉语处理的调查，这本书将把这个案例研究带到活跃在其他语言学科的学者的注意中。该专著一旦出版，将成为社会语言学相关领域研究人员、大学教师和学生的案例研究。本书将分为以下几章：第一章-本章将对比旧政权的语言政策与革命后的语言政策，突出科西嘉人的独特视角。将提供一个世纪法语语言政策的历史概述。第二章-论述的下一个阶段将集中于二十世纪，指出语言活动家对国家在语言政策方面至高无上地位的挑战。第三章-以下部分将集中在语言活动家的崛起，注意到语言活动家如何将自己置于影响岛上语言政策的地位。第四章-本章将讨论世纪末和科西嘉由于地区议会的成立而发生的根本性行政变革。第五章-最后一章将特别调查当代岛民的语言态度，通过四个社会语言学调查阐述。这些调查旨在衡量岛民对语言问题的理解，并探讨他们对语言政策趋势的态度。张贴面和结论-这将汇集语言政策的三个方面，以提供科西嘉语的立场和地位的评估。这本书将包括一个从无到有的书目，对于那些在法国框架内从事语言政策工作的人，以及社会语言学家、语言规划者和感兴趣的学者来说，这本书本身将是一个有用的研究工具。

The Mediterranean island of Corsica has been part of France since twenty years before the Revolution, although its integration into the nation State has been troubled, not least linguistically. This research project will take as its starting point the laissez-faire attitude of the Ancien Regime and the seismic shift in the light of the Revolution, outlining the key language policies of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The research project will result in the publication of a monograph on language policy on Corsica in which there will be a specific examination of the role of education within language policy. The response to State language planning, dating back to a rise in ethno-nationalism on the island from the 1960s onwards, will be traced and the symbiosis between the State and the activists will be investigated. Finally, using language attitude methodologies developed by sociolinguists over the second half of the twentieth century, the reactions of a cross-section of islanders will be charted, focusing in particular on this turn of the century into the twenty-first century. Taking a chronological approach, the research will draw on the wealth of material on French language policy and original sociolinguistics research undertaken by the author on the island in 1999, 2000, 2003 and 2005, thereby permitting a study of changing language attitudes. This research will be informed by recent work on language planning, both theoretical and relating to the specific case studies that are being published, as well as by trends in sociolinguistics over the past decades which have included language planning in investigations of languages in contact, language obsolescence and language death. The volume offers a contribution to the field in focusing on an overlooked example at the centre of Europe within a State renowned for its directive and interventionist language policy. Given this lack of investigation into the treatment of Corsican, this book will bring this case study to the attention of scholars active in other language disciplines. Once published, the monograph, will serve as a case study for researchers, university teachers and students working within fields related to sociolinguistics. The book will be divided into the following chapters: Chapter 1 - this chapter will contrast the language policy of the Ancien Regime with post-Revolution language policies, highlighting the specific Corsican perspective. An historical overview of the nineteenth century French language policy will be provided. Chapter 2- the next stage in the argument will focus on the twentieth century, noting the challenge to the State's supremacy in language policy by language activists. Chapter 3- the following section will concentrate on the rise of the language activists noting how the language activists maneuvered themselves into a position to influence language policy on the island. Chapter 4- this chapter will consider the end of the twentieth century and the fundamental administrative changes taking place on Corsica, given the founding of the Regional Assembly. Chapter 5- the final chapter will investigate in particular the language attitudes of contemporary islanders as articulated through the four sociolinguistic surveys. The surveys seek to gauge the islanders' understanding of linguistic questions and to probe their attitudes to the trends in language policy. Post face and conclusion- this will draw together the three strands of language policy to provide an assessment of the position and status of Corsican. The book will include a bibliography established ex nihilo, which will be a useful research tool in its own right for those working on language policy within a French framework, and for sociolinguists, language planners and interested scholars.