DIETARY RESTRICTION AND AGING

该子项目是利用 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者 (PI) 可能已从另一个 NIH 来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中出现。列出的机构是中心的机构，不一定是研究者的机构。为了探索饮食限制延缓非人类灵长类物种衰老过程的可能性，该计划项目提供了有关衰老生物学以及饮食控制如何影响衰老过程的大量新信息。 与研究对照组相比，恒河猴在营养全面的饮食中摄入的热量减少了 30%，表现出更好的健康状况。减少热量摄入似乎可以减缓基本的衰老过程，并可能延长灵长类动物的最大寿命，正如在啮齿类动物中所显示的那样。在饮食受到限制的猴子中，糖尿病的发生率较低。允许自由进食的动物患糖尿病或糖尿病前期疾病的几率更高。限制饮食的猴子的空腹基础胰岛素和葡萄糖浓度较低。限制饮食的猴子的脂肪质量和去脂质量均较低。低热量饮食的猴子患脊柱关节炎的迹象较少，这种疾病在恒河猴和人类中都会随着年龄的增长而出现。较少的卡路里可以降低患血管疾病的风险。热量限制以可能抑制动脉粥样硬化形成的方式改变循环低密度脂蛋白。热量限制会延缓骨骼肌中一些与年龄相关的生理和生化变化，包括氧化损伤。控制热量限制并没有扰乱雌性猴子的月经周期。下一阶段的研究应该更具洞察力，因为研究中最年长的猴子现在已经是中年晚期了。在此阶段，与年龄相关的疾病和病症更频繁地出现，包括成人糖尿病、骨质疏松症、癌症、肥胖、高血压和骨骼肌质量损失。这项研究使用了动物服务和研究

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. To explore the possibility that dietary restriction retards aging processes in a nonhuman primate species, this Program Project has provided a wealth of new information about the biology of aging and how the manipulation of diet can influence the process of growing old. Rhesus monkeys eating 30 percent fewer calories of a nutritionally complete diet exhibit better health than study controls. Reduced caloric intake seems to slow basic aging processes and may extend the maximum life span in primates, as has been shown in rodents. Diabetes develops less frequently in monkeys on a restricted diet. Animals allowed to eat freely have a greater incidence of diabetic or pre-diabetic conditions. Fasting basal insulin and glucose concentrations are lower in monkeys on a restricted diet. Both fat mass and fat-free mass were lower in monkeys on a restricted diet. Monkeys on a reduced-calorie diet have fewer signs of spinal arthritis, a condition that manifests itself with age in both rhesus monkeys and humans. Fewer calories may reduce the risk of vascular disease. Caloric restriction altered circulating LDL in a manner that may inhibit atherogenesis. Caloric restriction retards several age-dependent physiological and biochemical changes in skeletal muscle, including oxidative damage. Controlled caloric restriction has not disrupted menstrual cycles of female monkeys. The next period of study should be even more insightful as the oldest monkeys in the study are now late middle age. During this phase, age-related diseases and disorders appear more frequently, including adult-onset diabetes, osteoporosis, cancers, obesity, hypertension and the loss of skeletal muscle mass. This research used Animal Services and Research