DIETARY RESTRICTION AND AGING

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。为了探索饮食限制延缓非人类灵长类物种衰老过程的可能性，该计划项目提供了大量关于衰老生物学以及饮食控制如何影响衰老过程的新信息。在营养丰富的饮食中，恒河猴摄入的卡路里少30%，比研究对照组的健康状况更好。减少卡路里摄入量似乎可以减缓灵长类动物的基本衰老过程，并可能延长灵长类动物的最长寿命，就像在啮齿动物身上所显示的那样。限制饮食的猴子患糖尿病的几率较低。允许自由进食的动物患糖尿病或糖尿病前期疾病的几率更高。限制饮食的猴子的空腹基础胰岛素和葡萄糖浓度较低。在限制饮食的猴子中，脂肪质量和脱脂质量都较低。低卡路里饮食的猴子较少出现脊椎关节炎的迹象，这种疾病在恒河猴和人类身上都会随着年龄的增长而表现出来。较少的卡路里可能会降低患血管疾病的风险。热量限制改变了循环中的低密度脂蛋白，可能会抑制动脉粥样硬化的形成。卡路里限制延缓了骨骼肌中几个与年龄相关的生理和生化变化，包括氧化损伤。受控的热量限制并没有扰乱雌性猴子的月经周期。下一阶段的研究应该更有洞察力，因为研究中年龄最大的猴子现在已经是中年后期。在这一阶段，与年龄相关的疾病和障碍出现得更频繁，包括成人起病的糖尿病、骨质疏松症、癌症、肥胖、高血压和骨骼肌块减少。这项研究使用了动物服务和研究

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. To explore the possibility that dietary restriction retards aging processes in a nonhuman primate species, this Program Project has provided a wealth of new information about the biology of aging and how the manipulation of diet can influence the process of growing old. Rhesus monkeys eating 30 percent fewer calories of a nutritionally complete diet exhibit better health than study controls. Reduced caloric intake seems to slow basic aging processes and may extend the maximum life span in primates, as has been shown in rodents. Diabetes develops less frequently in monkeys on a restricted diet. Animals allowed to eat freely have a greater incidence of diabetic or pre-diabetic conditions. Fasting basal insulin and glucose concentrations are lower in monkeys on a restricted diet. Both fat mass and fat-free mass were lower in monkeys on a restricted diet. Monkeys on a reduced-calorie diet have fewer signs of spinal arthritis, a condition that manifests itself with age in both rhesus monkeys and humans. Fewer calories may reduce the risk of vascular disease. Caloric restriction altered circulating LDL in a manner that may inhibit atherogenesis. Caloric restriction retards several age-dependent physiological and biochemical changes in skeletal muscle, including oxidative damage. Controlled caloric restriction has not disrupted menstrual cycles of female monkeys. The next period of study should be even more insightful as the oldest monkeys in the study are now late middle age. During this phase, age-related diseases and disorders appear more frequently, including adult-onset diabetes, osteoporosis, cancers, obesity, hypertension and the loss of skeletal muscle mass. This research used Animal Services and Research