DIETARY RESTRICTION AND AGING

本子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能已经从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是中心的，不一定是研究者的机构。为了探索饮食限制延缓非人类灵长类物种衰老过程的可能性，该项目提供了大量关于衰老生物学以及饮食控制如何影响衰老过程的新信息。恒河猴在营养全面的饮食中少摄入30%的卡路里，表现出比研究对照组更好的健康状况。减少热量摄入似乎可以减缓基本的衰老过程，并可能延长灵长类动物的最大寿命，正如啮齿动物所显示的那样。限制饮食的猴子患糖尿病的频率较低。被允许自由进食的动物患糖尿病或糖尿病前期的几率更高。限制饮食的猴子空腹基础胰岛素和葡萄糖浓度较低。限制饮食的猴子的脂肪量和无脂肪量都较低。低热量饮食的猴子患脊椎关节炎的迹象更少，这种疾病在恒河猴和人类身上都会随着年龄的增长而表现出来。少吃卡路里可以降低患血管疾病的风险。热量限制以一种可能抑制动脉粥样硬化的方式改变循环LDL。热量限制延缓了骨骼肌中一些与年龄相关的生理和生化变化，包括氧化损伤。有控制的热量限制并没有扰乱雌性猴子的月经周期。下一阶段的研究应该会更有洞察力，因为研究中最老的猴子现在已经是中年晚期了。在这一阶段，与年龄有关的疾病和失调更频繁地出现，包括成人发病的糖尿病、骨质疏松症、癌症、肥胖症、高血压和骨骼肌质量的减少。这项研究使用了动物服务和研究

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. To explore the possibility that dietary restriction retards aging processes in a nonhuman primate species, this Program Project has provided a wealth of new information about the biology of aging and how the manipulation of diet can influence the process of growing old. Rhesus monkeys eating 30 percent fewer calories of a nutritionally complete diet exhibit better health than study controls. Reduced caloric intake seems to slow basic aging processes and may extend the maximum life span in primates, as has been shown in rodents. Diabetes develops less frequently in monkeys on a restricted diet. Animals allowed to eat freely have a greater incidence of diabetic or pre-diabetic conditions. Fasting basal insulin and glucose concentrations are lower in monkeys on a restricted diet. Both fat mass and fat-free mass were lower in monkeys on a restricted diet. Monkeys on a reduced-calorie diet have fewer signs of spinal arthritis, a condition that manifests itself with age in both rhesus monkeys and humans. Fewer calories may reduce the risk of vascular disease. Caloric restriction altered circulating LDL in a manner that may inhibit atherogenesis. Caloric restriction retards several age-dependent physiological and biochemical changes in skeletal muscle, including oxidative damage. Controlled caloric restriction has not disrupted menstrual cycles of female monkeys. The next period of study should be even more insightful as the oldest monkeys in the study are now late middle age. During this phase, age-related diseases and disorders appear more frequently, including adult-onset diabetes, osteoporosis, cancers, obesity, hypertension and the loss of skeletal muscle mass. This research used Animal Services and Research