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One brain, two languages: bridging neuroscience and linguistics

一个大脑，两种语言：连接神经科学和语言学

基本信息

批准号：
AH/G000166/1
负责人：
Margaret Deuchar
金额：
$ 3.21万
依托单位：
Bangor University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2008 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FG000166%2F1
关键词：
brain two languages bridging neuroscience

项目摘要

Recent developments in neuroimaging and related techniques have provided the promise of significant advances in the understanding of how bilingualism is represented in the brain. These developments are currently limited by the fact that some of the most talented neuroscientists have little or no training in linguistics, and by the fact that those who do have training in linguistics need help in interpreting some of the results in neuroscience. The aim of this research network is to provide the opportunity for specialists in neuroscience and linguistics from both Britain and abroad to work with one another and to develop collaborative research.The research network activities will consist of four two-day workshops over a period of two years. The first two workshops will address theoretical questions of concern to both neuroscientists and linguists, such as the following: Is it possible to entirely 'switch off' one of a bilingual's languages? If so, what is the mechanism that makes this possible? How do some bilingual speakers manage to access both their languages in understanding and language production? Is this process different for those who use language in a visual modality (deaf signers) as compared with those who use spoken language? How do we explain the often reported 'interference' of one language on the production of another? Is interference more of a problem between a second and third language and if so, why?The third and fourth workshops will include practitioners in the areas of translation/interpreting and language pathology/assessment and will seek to apply the theoretical models developed in the first two workshops to practical questions of concern to practising professionals working with bilinguals. These questions might include the following: How can theoretical models of bilingualism and the brain help improve techniques of interpreting and translating in both the auditory and visual mode? How can bilingual patients with language disorders be fairly assessed in both their languages? What are the implications of theoretical findings for bilingual education?As a result of these activities it is hoped that neuroscientists and linguists will be able to combine their insights and expertise and develop new theoretical models and research collaborations which will lead to new insights into the way in which the brain handles two languages. These insights will also have practical applications which will be explored by scholars and practitioners jointly in an attempt to solve practical problems faced by practitioners when dealing with bilingual patients, clients or students.

神经影像学和相关技术的最新发展有望在理解双语在大脑中的表现方面取得重大进展。目前这些发展受到以下事实的限制：一些最有才华的神经科学家很少或根本没有接受过语言学培训，而且那些接受过语言学培训的人需要帮助来解释神经科学的一些结果。该研究网络的目的是为英国和国外的神经科学和语言学专家提供相互合作和开展合作研究的机会。研究网络活动将包括为期两年的四次为期两天的研讨会。前两个研讨会将解决神经科学家和语言学家都关心的理论问题，例如：是否有可能完全“关闭”双语者的一种语言？如果是这样，使这成为可能的机制是什么？一些双语使用者如何设法在理解和语言产生方面同时使用他们的语言？对于那些以视觉方式使用语言的人（聋人手语者）来说，这个过程与使用口语的人相比是否有所不同？我们如何解释经常报道的一种语言对另一种语言的产生的“干扰”？干扰是否更多地是第二语言和第三语言之间的问题？如果是，为什么？第三和第四次研讨会将包括笔译/口译和语言病理学/评估领域的从业者，并将寻求将前两次研讨会中开发的理论模型应用于与双语者打交道的专业人士所关心的实际问题。这些问题可能包括以下内容：双语和大脑的理论模型如何帮助提高听觉和视觉模式下的口译和翻译技术？如何用两种语言对患有语言障碍的双语患者进行公平评估？理论研究结果对双语教育有何影响？通过这些活动，希望神经科学家和语言学家能够结合他们的见解和专业知识，开发新的理论模型和研究合作，从而对大脑处理两种语言的方式产生新的见解。这些见解也将具有实际应用，由学者和从业者共同探索，试图解决从业者在与双语患者、客户或学生打交道时面临的实际问题。