Children and Political Violence in Northern Ireland

北爱尔兰的儿童和政治暴力

• 批准号: 7446151
• 负责人: EDWARD MARK CUMMINGS
• 金额: $ 26.65万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-06 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7446151
• 关键词: 15 year old; Adult; Affect; Age; American; Area; Attitude; Child; Child Development; Class; Classification; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Development; Dimensions; Domestic Violence; Ecology; Elements; Emotional; Ensure; Equation; Equipment and supply inventories; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Exposure to; Family; Focus Groups; Growth; Individual; Interview; Language; Link; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Mothers; Neighborhoods; Northern Ireland; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Participant; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Pilot Projects; Plague; Process; Protestant; Psychological Impact; Psychological Models; Psychological adjustment; Range; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Respondent; Risk; Role; Sampling; Security; Social Identification; Surveys; System; Testing; Violence; Work; base; child well being; contextual factors; family structure; follow-up; inner city; instrument; microsystems; psychologic; response; social; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is increasing concern about children's development in areas of the world plagued by political violence, including possible links between political, community and domestic violence. It might be expected that the negative sequelae would be greatest for children when all these factors converge, as in cultures with long-standing histories of ethnic conflict. However, little systematic study has been accomplished on the impact of political violence and related social ecologies on the adjustment of children, and even less is known about the mechanisms underlying relations with child outcomes. This study investigates an ecological framework for the effects of political violence on children in Northern Ireland. 3 programmatically-related phases of research are proposed. A pilot phase is concerned with instrument refinement for this culture, including focus groups and qualitative analyses. Based on a survey of mothers (n=2000), a next phase tests relations between political and community violence and children's adjustment (5-15 years) in single and 2-parent families. Finally, a more intensive survey (n=600) following-up with 2 parent families and children (10-15 years) at ages most at risk for exposure to ethnic conflict tests an ecological, theory-driven model for the psychological impact of political violence on children. Multiple dimensions of child and family (marital conflict, parenting, parental adjustment) functioning are assessed based on mother and child reports, including children's emotional security, social identity, and psychological adjustment. Among the hypotheses to be tested are: (a) political violence will have direct effects, and indirect effects through community violence, on child adjustment; (b) child outcomes will not be uniform across Northern Ireland, but will vary positively by the historical intensity of ethnic conflict in different regions of Northern Ireland; and (c) family functioning and child regulatory functioning will mediate the effects of political and community violence on child adjustment outcomes. The research will innovatively contribute to understanding of the ecological, psychological, and familial processes underlying effects of ethnic conflict on children in Northern Ireland, with implications for other regions of the world with histories of ethnic conflict.

描述（由申请人提供）：人们越来越关注世界上受政治暴力困扰的地区的儿童发展，包括政治、社区和家庭暴力之间可能存在的联系。可以预期，当所有这些因素汇聚在一起时，就像在有着长期种族冲突历史的文化中一样，对儿童的负面后遗症将是最大的。然而，目前关于政治暴力及相关社会生态对儿童适应影响的系统研究还很少，对于其与儿童结局关系的机制更是知之甚少。这项研究调查了政治暴力对北爱尔兰儿童影响的生态框架。提出了 3 个与程序相关的研究阶段。试点阶段涉及针对这种文化的工具完善，包括焦点小组和定性分析。根据对母亲的调查（n=2000），下一阶段将测试单亲和双亲家庭中政治和社区暴力与儿童适应（5-15 岁）之间的关系。最后，一项更深入的调查（n = 600）对两个父母家庭和最有可能遭受种族冲突的儿童（10-15岁）进行了跟踪，测试了政治暴力对儿童心理影响的生态、理论驱动模型。根据母亲和儿童的报告，评估儿童和家庭的多个维度（婚姻冲突、养育、父母适应）功能，包括儿童的情感安全、社会认同和心理适应。待检验的假设包括： (a) 政治暴力将对儿童适应产生直接影响，并通过社区暴力产生间接影响； (b) 整个北爱尔兰的儿童结局并不相同，而是会因北爱尔兰不同地区历史上种族冲突的激烈程度而发生积极变化； (c) 家庭功能和儿童监管功能将调节政治和社区暴力对儿童适应结果的影响。该研究将创新性地有助于理解种族冲突对北爱尔兰儿童的潜在影响的生态、心理和家庭过程，并对世界上其他有种族冲突历史的地区产生影响。