Religious responses to HIV/AIDS in Brazil

描述(申请人提供)：在对艾滋病毒/艾滋病进行了20年的主要基于个人行为的研究后，对构成艾滋病毒感染脆弱性并塑造预防和治疗可能性的社会和文化因素开始有了新的理解。尽管宗教组织受到的研究关注相对较少，但自该流行病一开始，宗教组织就一直是应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的中心。很少有国家的宗教和宗教组织对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的复杂影响比巴西更强大。拟议的研究试图：1)对巴西天主教、福音派新教和非裔巴西宗教应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的多种方式(在政策、机构和人口层面)进行比较分析；2)实证地记录这三个主要宗教传统中的每一个对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的重要性，以及导致它们这样做的原因；3)通过一系列案例研究，评估每个宗教传统的应对措施如何与当地社区、更广泛的民间社会和民族国家互动，以影响更广泛的艾滋病应对措施；4)通过比较分析，更充分地了解每一种传统的宗教信仰体系或宗教教义对其重要性和影响的影响方式、每一种传统所表现出的组织和体制结构，以及每一种传统与社区、民间社会和国家相互作用和表明自己的方式，以便形成对艾滋病的更广泛的社会和政治反应。该项目将在5年内采用定性和定量相结合的方法，包括档案研究、调查、参与者观察、口述历史、深入访谈、生活史访谈和在5个研究地点进行的个案研究，以记录和记录宗教组织在巴西应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病方面发挥极其多方面作用的动态轨迹。鉴于该项目的范围及其目标是评估宗教组织在该国动员应对艾滋病方面的作用，广泛和深入的实地工作是必要的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): After 2 decades of mostly individual-behavior based research on HIV/AIDS, a new understanding has begun to emerge of the social and cultural factors that structure vulnerability to HIV infection and shape the possibilities for prevention and treatment. In spite of the fact that they have received relatively little research attention, religious organizations have been central to the response of HIV/AIDS since the very beginning of the epidemic. In few countries has the complex impact of religion and religious organizations in relation to HIV/AIDS been more powerful than Brazil. The proposed study seeks to: 1) Develop a comparative analysis of the multiple ways in which Catholic, Evangelical Protestant, and Afro-Brazilian religions have responded (at the policy, institutional and population levels) to HIV/AIDS in Brazil; 2) Empirically document the importance that each of these 3 major religious traditions has given to HIV/AIDS, and the reasons that have led them to do so; 3) Assess, through a series of case studies, the ways in which the responses of each religious traditions has interacted with local communities, the wider social universe of civil society, and the nation- state, in impacting upon the broader response to AIDS; and, 4) Through comparative analysis, to more fully understand the ways in which both importance and impact have been influenced by the religious belief system or religious doctrine of each tradition, the organizational and institutional structures that each exhibits, and the ways in which each interacts with and articulates itself with communities, civil society, and the state, in order to shape the broader social and political response to AIDS. The project will employ a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies over a 5 year period, including archival research, surveys, participant observation, oral histories, in-depth interviews, life history interviews and case-studies in the 5 study sites, in order to capture and chronicle the dynamic trajectory of an extremely multifaceted role of religious organizations in the Brazilian response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The extensive and in depth fieldwork is necessary given the scope of the project and its goal of assessing the role of religious organizations in the country's mobilization in response to AIDS.