A Daily Process Examination of Alcohol Use and PTSD in Female College Students

女大学生酒精使用情况和创伤后应激障碍的日常过程检查

• 批准号: 7314185
• 负责人: DEBRA L KAYSEN
• 金额: $ 22.43万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7314185
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Characteristics; Child Sexual Abuse; Cognitive; Comorbidity; Condition; Coupled; Daily; Development; Diagnosis; Electronics; Emotional; Event; Female; Future; Individual; Measurement; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Moods; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Pattern; Persons; Populations at Risk; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevention; Process; Recording of previous events; Regression Analysis; Reporting; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Self Medication; Sexual abuse; Signal Transduction; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Trauma; Victimization; Week; Woman; alcohol use disorder; assault; comparison group; coping; day; diaries; drinking; drinking behavior; experience; high risk drinking; multilevel analysis; negative mood; relationship violence; response; sexual assault; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall objective of this NIAAA R21 Exploratory/Developmental application is to examine the feasibility of using experience sampling methodologies (ESM) to identify cognitive and emotional risk factors for problem drinking in an at-risk population, female sexual abuse and assault victims. Young adulthood is a period of high risk for both sexual assault and high risk drinking. Moreover, sexual assault is a risk factor for increases in problem drinking as well as alcohol use disorders comorbid with PTSD. The self-medication hypothesis has been proposed as an explanation for this comorbidity, whereupon problem drinking develops as an attempt to modulate negative affect and ameliorate PTSD symptoms. However, (a) studies have not included non-trauma exposed comparison groups, (b) the combined and unique contributions of PTSD and negative affect on problem drinking have not been studied concurrently, (c) these relationships have not been examined using ESM methodologies, and (d) studies have not examined measurement reactivity associated with daily monitoring. This study proposes using the experience sampling method to better refine our understanding of the temporal relations between PTSD, negative affect, and alcohol use. Multiple daily assessments of alcohol use and mood and the application of multilevel modeling reduces recall distortion and allows for simultaneous examination of both within- and between-person questions regarding what characteristics place people at greater risk for drinking (between-person predictors) and whether drinking increases in response to PTSD symptoms over and above negative mood (within-person factors). 150 female college students with a past history of child sexual abuse (CSA) or adult sexual assault (SA), and 30 female college students with no past trauma history, will be signaled to complete an electronic diary of PTSD symptoms, negative affect, alcohol use, and urges to drink, 2 times daily for 4 weeks. A comparison group will be included to examine the impact of repeated daily measurement. Multilevel regression analyses will be used to address the following specific aims: (1) To test the role of trauma exposure, PTSD, and negative affect in increasing drinking and urges, both between- and within-persons, as predicted by the self-medication model; (2) conduct exploratory analyses of coping motives as a moderator of the within-person relationship between symptoms (PTSD and negative affect) and drinking behavior and urges; (3) Examine degree of measurement reactivity associated with daily monitoring compared to a no-monitoring condition. Answers to these questions will be used to guide future prevention efforts aimed at reducing problematic drinking patterns following traumatic events like sexual assault, relationship violence or combat exposure.

描述（由申请人提供）：本 NIAAA R21 探索性/开发性申请的总体目标是检验使用经验抽样方法 (ESM) 来识别高危人群、女性性虐待和性侵犯受害者中饮酒问题的认知和情感风险因素的可行性。成年早期是性侵犯和高风险饮酒的高风险时期。此外，性侵犯是酗酒问题以及与创伤后应激障碍共存的酒精使用障碍增加的一个危险因素。自我药疗假说已被提出作为对这种合并症的解释，因此饮酒问题的发展是为了调节负面情绪和改善创伤后应激障碍症状。然而，(a) 研究未包括非创伤暴露对照组，(b) 尚未同时研究 PTSD 和对问题饮酒的负面影响的综合和独特贡献，(c) 尚未使用 ESM 方法检查这些关系，(d) 研究尚未检查与日常监测相关的测量反应性。本研究建议使用经验抽样方法来更好地完善我们对 PTSD、负面情绪和饮酒之间时间关系的理解。每天对饮酒和情绪进行多次评估以及多层次模型的应用可以减少回忆失真，并允许同时检查人内和人际问题，即哪些特征使人们面临更大的饮酒风险（人际预测因素），以及饮酒是否会因 PTSD 症状而增加而超过负面情绪（人内因素）。 150 名有儿童性虐待 (CSA) 或成人性侵犯 (SA) 历史的女大学生，以及 30 名没有既往创伤史的女大学生，将被要求完成 PTSD 症状、负面情绪、饮酒和饮酒冲动的电子日记，每天 2 次，持续 4 周。将纳入一个对照组来检查每日重复测量的影响。多级回归分析将用于实现以下具体目标：（1）根据自我药疗模型的预测，测试创伤暴露、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和负面影响在人与人之间和人与人之间饮酒和冲动增加中的作用； (2) 对应对动机进行探索性分析，作为症状（创伤后应激障碍和负面情绪）与饮酒行为和冲动之间的人际关系的调节因素； (3) 与无监测条件相比，检查与日常监测相关的测量反应程度。这些问题的答案将用于指导未来的预防工作，旨在减少性侵犯、关系暴力或战斗暴露等创伤性事件后有问题的饮酒模式。