A Mediterranean Diet in for Colon Cancer Prevention

地中海饮食有助于预防结肠癌

• 批准号: 7210954
• 负责人: Zora Djuric
• 金额: $ 37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7210954
• 关键词: 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid; Adherence; American; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-inflammatory; Biological Markers; Biopsy; Blood; Blood specimen; Canned Foods; Carotenoids; Cells; Chemopreventive Agent; Colon Carcinoma; Colorectal; Colorectal Cancer; Computer-Assisted Image Analysis; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Detection; Diet; Dietary Fats; Dietary Intervention; Dietary intake; Dinoprostone; Disease; Eating; Eicosanoid Production; Eicosanoids; End Point; Epithelial; Epithelial Cell Proliferation; Epithelial Cells; Experimental Models; Fat red 7B stain; Fatty Acids; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Fiber; Flexible fiberoptic sigmoidoscopy; Food; Health; Healthy People 2010; Human; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Intake; Intervention; Label; Leukotriene B4; Leukotrienes; Lipoxygenase; Liquid substance; Meat; Mediator of activation protein; Mediterranean Diet; Methods; Milk; Monounsaturated Fatty Acids; Mucous Membrane; Nuclear; Nutrient; Olives - dietary; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Pharmacologic Substance; Phytochemical; Plants; Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Potato; Prevention approach; Preventive; Process; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase; Prostaglandins; Protocols documentation; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Serum; Supplementation; Testing; Tissues; Upper arm; base; beef; cancer prevention; cancer risk; carcinogenesis; colorectal cancer prevention; cyclooxygenase 1; cyclooxygenase 2; design; eicosanoid metabolism; fruits and vegetables; improved; morphometry; novel; pressure; programs; prospective; prostaglandin E3; stem; tumorigenesis

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A Mediterranean Diet for Colon Cancer Prevention: Epidemiological and animal studies indicate that the major components of the traditional Cretan-Mediterranean diet have great promise for the prevention of colorectal cancer while improving overall health. Relative to the American diet, the Mediterranean diet is lower in n-6 fatty acids, polyunsaturated fats, and red meat while intakes of plant-based foods and monounsaturated fats are higher. The hypothesis behind this proposal is that adherence to a Mediterranean type of diet will result in a decrease in n-6 fatty acids and increased n-3 and n-9 fatty acids in human colonic mucosa. This, together with other aspects of the diet such as increased intakes of phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables, is expected to modulate eicosanoid metabolism in normal colorectal mucosa to its anticarcinogenic state resulting in lower colonic proliferation. We will recruit 120 study participants who are at increased risk of colorectal cancer. Subjects will be randomized to a modified Mediterranean diet or a Healthy People 2010 diet for 6 months. The Mediterranean diet will be designed to decrease polyunsaturated fat intake and to increase intakes of monounsaturated fats, fruits and vegetables. These dietary changes are expected to not only decrease pro-inflammatory mediators and increase anti-inflammatory mediators, but to also change the types of eicosanoids that are produced from cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases. Our pilot testing of this novel exchange list diet indicates that subjects can make very large dietary changes. Dietary intake data, blood samples and biopsies of normal mucosa from flexible sigmoidoscopy will be analyzed before and after intervention, and changes from baseline will be compared in the 2 diet arms. The specific endpoints are fatty acids and carotenoids in blood and mucosa, the types and levels of inflammatory mediators in the mucosa, and proliferation in the mucosa. We expect that the Healthy People 2010 diet will result in minimal changes relative to the Mediterranean diet. Increasing our understanding of the effects of dietary changes on human mucosa is fundamental to evaluating the potential of diet in colorectal cancer prevention. Such data would also validate the use of these biomarkers as screen for other dietary and/or pharmaceutical-based interventions aimed at slowing or reversing carcinogenesis. If beneficial effects can be demonstrated in mucosal biomarkers of colorectal cancer risk (prostaglandin E2, other eicosanoids, proliferation), such data may be used to justify a larger, prospective intervention with disease endpoints and more detailed dietary studies.

描述（由申请人提供）：预防结肠癌的地中海饮食：流行病学和动物研究表明，传统的克里特群岛 - 中甲饮食的主要组成部分在预防结直肠癌的同时，在改善整体健康方面具有很大的希望。相对于美国饮食，在N-6脂肪酸，多不饱和脂肪和红肉中，地中海饮食较低，而植物性食物和单不饱和脂肪的摄入量则更高。该提议背后的假设是，遵守地中海饮食将导致人类结肠粘膜中N-6脂肪酸的降低，并增加N-3和N-9脂肪酸。这与饮食的其他方面一样，例如在水果和蔬菜中增加的植物化学物质摄入量增加，预计将在正常结直肠粘膜中调节类花生酸代谢，从而导致其抗癌状态，从而导致结肠增殖较低。我们将招募120名患有大肠癌风险的研究参与者。受试者将被随机分为改良的地中海饮食或健康的人饮食，为期6个月。地中海饮食将旨在减少多不饱和脂肪的摄入量，并增加单不饱和脂肪，水果和蔬菜的摄入量。预计这些饮食变化不仅会降低促炎性介质并增加抗炎介质，而且还会改变由环氧酶和脂氧酶产生的类型类固醇类型。我们对这种新颖交流清单饮食的试点测试表明，受试者可以进行很大的饮食变化。干预前后，将分析来自柔性乙状结肠镜检查的正常粘膜的饮食摄入数据，血液样本和活检，并在2个饮食臂中比较基线的变化。具体的终点是血液和粘膜中的脂肪酸和类胡萝卜素，粘膜中炎症介质的类型和水平以及粘膜中的增殖。我们预计，与地中海饮食相对于地中海饮食，健康的2010年饮食将导致最小的变化。我们对饮食变化对人粘膜的影响的理解对于评估饮食预防饮食的潜力至关重要。此类数据还将验证这些生物标志物作为其他饮食和/或药物基于旨在减慢致癌作用的筛查。如果可以在结直肠癌风险（前列腺素E2，其他类花生酸，增殖）的粘膜生物标志物中证明有益的作用，则可以使用此类数据来证明对疾病终点和更详细的饮食研究的更大，前瞻性干预。