ENERGY EXPENDITURE IN EARLY CHILDHOOD OF VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。早产儿的生长和身体发育是评估婴儿期和儿童期一般健康状况的常用指标。大多数早产儿(&gt；86%)出生时体重与其胎龄相适应。然而，实现新生儿重症监护病房的适当增长是困难的。大多数极低出生体重(VLBW出生体重；1500克)的婴儿低于正常水平，并且在接近他们的足月年龄或怀孕40周后的子宫生长速度。因此，当早产儿出院时(通常是“足月年龄”)，早产儿的年龄已经很小了。这些婴儿中有相当一部分将无法在幼年时期茁壮成长。已确定与早产儿和幼儿生长不良相关的几个因素包括：最低出生体重组(&lt；1250克)、早产年龄、新生儿并发症严重程度、新生儿头部发育不良、慢性生理和神经后遗症、小于胎龄儿出生体重。对于从托儿所出院后增加追赶增长可能性的确切因素，人们的共识有限。最有可能的是，这是卡路里和营养摄入(婴儿的饮食和喂养能力)、卡路里需求(总能量消耗)以及婴儿在追赶生长阶段的营养吸收和利用之间的多因素相互作用。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Growth and physical development of the premature infant is a commonly used measure to assess general health status in infancy, and childhood. Most premature infants (>86%) are born with birth weights appropriate for their gestational age. However; achieving adequate growth in the neonatal intensive care unit is difficult. Most Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW birth weight < 1500g) infants are below usual and expected in utero growth rates near their term age equivalent or 40 weeks post-conceptional age. Therefore, at the time of discharge from the hospital (usually around "term age equivalent") the premature infant is already small for age. A significant number of these infants will fail-to-thrive through young childhood. SEveral factors have been identified that are related to poor growth outcome in the preterm infant and young child include: the lowest birth weight groups (< 1250g), preterm gestational age, severity of neonatal complications, poor neonatal head growth, chronic physical and neurological sequelae, Small-for Gestational Age birth weight. There is limited agreement as to the precise factors that increase the likelihood of catch-up growth after discharge from the nursery. Most likely, it is a multifactoral interaction between caloric and nutrient intake (diet and feeding ability of the infant), caloric need (total energy expenditure), and nutritional absorption and utilization for the infant in a catch-up phase of growth.