THE METABOLIC EFFECTS OF ENERGY BALANCE AND CARBOHYDRATE DEFICIT AFTER EXERCISE

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。肥胖及其相关的健康并发症，包括胰岛素抵抗，已经成为我们社会的一个主要公共卫生问题。已有研究表明，单次锻炼可以在运动后数小时甚至数天内改善胰岛素敏感性。此外，能量平衡(即能量摄入、能量消耗)和碳水化合物平衡(即摄入足够的碳水化合物以维持肌肉和肝脏糖原含量)也会影响胰岛素敏感性。因此，由于运动影响能量平衡和碳水化合物平衡，因此很难确定运动是如何改善胰岛素敏感性的。该项目的目的是确定总能量平衡、碳水化合物平衡和运动本身对运动诱导的胰岛素敏感性增强的贡献。十名年轻、苗条、健康的志愿者将完成四项不同的试验。三个试验将包括相同的运动阶段，然后是不同的饮食，旨在改变总能量平衡和碳水化合物平衡，以允许测量每个变量在运动的代谢反应中所起的作用。第四次试验将作为非运动对照。此外，由于脂肪动员的改变与胰岛素敏感性受损有关，而且众所周知，脂肪动员受到运动和饮食的影响，因此我们将测量脂肪细胞中储存的脂肪的释放情况，以及肌肉对它的利用情况。最后，这些实验将为了解运动后改变的饮食条件如何影响胰岛素敏感性和脂肪代谢提供洞察力。确定导致运动诱导的胰岛素敏感性增强的因素可能会导致改善与肥胖和胰岛素抵抗相关的疾病的治疗方法。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Obesity and its related health complications, including insulin resistance, has become a major public health problem in our society. A single session of exercise has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity for hours and even days after exercise. Additionally, energy balance (i.e., energy intake energy expended) and carbohydrate balance (i.e., ingesting enough carbohydrate to maintain muscle and liver glycogen content) can also affect insulin sensitivity. Therefore, because exercise affects energy balance and carbohydrate balance, it is difficult to determine how exercise improves insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this proposed project is to determine the contributions of total energy balance, carbohydrate balance, and exercise, per se, on the exercise-induced enhancement of insulin sensitivity. Ten young, lean, healthy volunteers will complete four separate trials. Three trials will include an identical exercise session followed by different diets designed to alter total energy balance and carbohydrate balance to allow for the measurement of the role each variable plays in the metabolic responses to exercise. A fourth trial will serve as a non-exercise control. Additionally, because alterations in fat mobilization are associated with impaired insulin sensitivity and fat mobilization is known to be influenced by exercise and diet, we will measure the release of fat from storage in fat cells and how well it is taken up to be used by muscle. In the end, these experiments will provide insight into how altered dietary conditions after exercise impact insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. Identifying the factors that contribute to the exercise-induced enhancement of insulin sensitivity may lead to improved therapeutic approaches to conditions associated with obesity and insulin resistance.