U HAWAII COBRE: ADMINISTRATIVE & MENTORING CORE

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。在过去的25年里，传染病在全球范围内急剧死灰复燃，从而使传染病重新成为世界范围内发病率和死亡率的主要原因。此外，传染病是亚太地区在新千年伊始面临的最重要的公共卫生和经济问题之一。在整个亚洲和大洋洲，肆无忌惮的人口增长和广泛的环境动荡，以及公共卫生基础设施的不知不觉地崩溃，助长了传染病的死灰复燃。通过飞机旅行的人、动物和昆虫媒介的流动也极大地促进了传染病的传播。最近的一个例子是在中断近60年后于2001年在夏威夷爆发登革热。因此，迫切需要提高传染病监测能力。夏威夷大学马诺阿分校的战略地理位置和与亚太地区资源匮乏的发展中国家的密切联系使其在监测新发现的传染病的出现或引入和传播方面处于独特地位，如尼帕病毒脑炎和严重急性呼吸道综合征(SARS)。在此背景下，太平洋新发传染病研究中心正在发展成为传染病研究和培训的多学科卓越中心，并成为诊断和控制新的、新出现的和重新出现的微生物威胁的区域参考中心。调查的重点将是与感染人类乳头瘤病毒(导致妇女宫颈癌)和A组链球菌(导致急性风湿热)感染有关的风险因素。此外，将研究登革热病毒的免疫反应，作为旨在进行疫苗效力试验的更大计划的一部分。此外，研究的重点将是开发改进的对医学上重要的微生物疾病的快速诊断测试。这些传染病中的每一种都具有地方和区域重要性，并对夏威夷和亚太区域服务不足的少数族裔以及弱势或边缘化社区造成不成比例的影响。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. A dramatic global resurgence of infectious diseases has occurred during the past 25 years, such that infectious diseases have regained their position as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Moreover, infectious diseases are among the most important public health and economic problems facing the Asia-Pacific region at the beginning of the new millennium. Unbridled population growth and widespread environmental upheaval throughout Asia and Oceania, along with the insidious breakdown of the public health infrastructure, have contributed to the resurgence of infectious diseases. Movements of people, animals and insect vectors via jet travel have also greatly facilitated the dissemination of infectious diseases. A recent example is the outbreak of dengue fever in Hawaii in 2001, after a hiatus of nearly 60 years. Thus, heightened capacity for infectious diseases surveillance is urgently needed. The strategic geographic location and strong ties to resource-poor developing countries in the Asia-Pacific region places the University of Hawaii at Manoa in a unique position to monitor the emergence or introduction and spread of newly recognized infectious diseases, such as Nipah virus encephalitis and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Against this backdrop, the Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research is being developed as a multi-disciplinary center of excellence for research and training in infectious diseases and as a regional reference center for the diagnosis and control of new, emerging and re-emerging microbial threats. Investigations will focus on the risk factors associated with acquisition of infection with human papillomaviruses (which cause cervical cancer in women) and group A streptococci (which cause acute rheumatic fever). In addition, the immune responses to dengue viruses will be studied, as part of a larger program aimed at conducting vaccine efficacy trials. In addition, studies will focus on the development of improved rapid diagnostic tests for medically important microbial diseases. Each of these infectious diseases is of local and regional importance and disproportionately affect under-served ethnic minorities and disadvantaged or marginalized communities in Hawaii and the Asia-Pacific region.