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Composition heterogeneity and dynamics of the eukaryotic translation machinery

真核翻译机器的组成异质性和动力学

基本信息

批准号：
BB/F019963/1
负责人：
Robert Beynon
金额：
$ 40.33万
依托单位：
University of Liverpool
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2008 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FF019963%2F1
关键词：
Composition heterogeneity dynamics eukaryotic translation

项目摘要

Many processes in the cell are carried out by large machines, built by the cell from complex assortments of parts. If we encountered a new machine how would we understand it? First, we'd work out what it does, and then, examine the parts that it is made of, and finally, we'd try and reassemble or build our own machines from an equivalent set of parts. If we then wanted to build more machines, we would have to design a factory to make sure that all the parts were available. The design of any manufacturing process is complex - do we for example, make sure that N sets of parts are available if we know we are to build N machines ('just in time' principles) - what if the supplier of one of the parts fails to deliver? Or, do we design a factory where we have 50N parts always available, increasing storage and manufacturing costs (surplus stock). Do we recycle those surplus parts, or store them for years, so that they gradually become damaged or unfit for purpose? The cell faces exactly the same challenges. The machine that makes proteins in the cell is called the ribosome, which uses the blueprints in the genes to dictate the synthesis of proteins. The ribosome is itself a highly complex machine, made of proteins and RNA. Our goal is to characterise all the proteins associated with the translation machinery, calculate how many of each part (protein) there are, and work out how the cell balances the costs and benefits of 'just in time' against 'surplus part' manufacturing. We will discover how rapidly the parts can be made, the degree to which surplus parts are recycled, and even whether the cell makes variants of the machine (S, GT, GTL, GTE models!) that are designed for different uses and locations. By understanding how such complex machinery is made, we will begin to understand how the cell balances flexibility of response (in time, and in terms of types of machine) with quality control, manufacturing principles and energy costs. Manufacturing is as complex on the cellular scale as it is in a car assembly plant.

单元中的许多工序都是由大型机器完成的，这些大型机器是由单元用复杂的零件组装而成的。如果我们遇到一台新机器，我们将如何理解它？首先，我们要弄清楚它是做什么的，然后，检查它的组成部分，最后，我们要尝试重新组装，或者用一套等价的部件建造我们自己的机器。如果我们想制造更多的机器，我们必须设计一个工厂，以确保所有的零件都是可用的。任何制造过程的设计都是复杂的-例如，如果我们知道要制造N台机器，我们是否要确保有N套零件可用（“准时”原则）-如果其中一个零件的供应商未能交付怎么办？或者，我们设计一个工厂，我们有50 N个零件总是可用，增加存储和制造成本（剩余库存）。我们是回收这些多余的零件，还是将它们储存多年，使它们逐渐损坏或不适合使用？细胞面临着完全相同的挑战。在细胞中制造蛋白质的机器被称为核糖体，它使用基因中的蓝图来决定蛋白质的合成。核糖体本身是一个高度复杂的机器，由蛋白质和RNA组成。我们的目标是计算所有与翻译机器相关的蛋白质，计算每个部分（蛋白质）的数量，并计算出细胞如何平衡“及时”与“剩余部分”制造的成本和收益。我们将发现零件的制造速度有多快，多余零件的回收程度，甚至该单元是否生产机器的变体（S，GT，GTL，GTE型号！）为不同的用途和地点而设计。通过了解这种复杂的机器是如何制造的，我们将开始了解细胞如何平衡响应的灵活性（在时间上，以及机器类型方面）与质量控制，制造原理和能源成本。制造业在细胞规模上就像在汽车装配厂一样复杂。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（2）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Diauxic shift-dependent relocalization of decapping activators Dhh1 and Pat1 to polysomal complexes.

DOI：
10.1093/nar/gkr474
发表时间：
2011-09-01
期刊：
Nucleic acids research
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Drummond SP;Hildyard J;Firczuk H;Reamtong O;Li N;Kannambath S;Claydon AJ;Beynon RJ;Eyers CE;McCarthy JE
通讯作者：
McCarthy JE

An in vivo control map for the eukaryotic mRNA translation machinery.