Clinical Studies Investigating Aggressive Behaviors And

调查攻击行为和

• 批准号: 6983107
• 负责人: David T George
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6983107
• 关键词: aggression; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; blood chemistry; blood glucose; brain mapping; cerebrospinal fluid; clinical research; dietary lipid; domestic violence; fear; fluoxetine; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; human therapy evaluation; hypothalamus; mental disorder chemotherapy; neurotransmitter metabolism; nutrition related tag; omega 3 fatty acid; serotonin inhibitor; substance abuse related behavior

Alcoholism is frequently associated with aggressive behaviors and dietary changes or deficiencies. It has been shown that there is a strong association between alcohol consumption and the violent behaviors exhibited by perpetrators of domestic violence. However, the actual mechanism(s) by which alcohol induces aggressive behavior is poorly understood. Currently we are conducting a study to determine if treatment with a serotonin reuptake inhibitor can reduce aggression in individuals characterized by frequent episodes of domestic violence. To date, 42 subjects have been enrolled in the study. Functional MRI (fMRI) is being used to assertain if there are significant differences between perpetrators, non-violent alcoholics, and healthy controls when participants interpret threatening and non-threatening stiumli. The fMRI is repeated after perpetrators have been on placebo or fluoxetine for three months. Participants' aggression will be examined in relation to: fMRI results, drug effect, and genotype of the serotonin transporter. Results from MRI imaging are also being analyzed to determine if perpetrators of domestic violence have differences in brain structures associated with fear conditioning and fear avoidance. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) an essential omega-3 fatty acid that is selectively concentrated in the brain. Because DHA is a potentially important factor in the etiology of violence and hostility, we have analyzed cerbrospinal fluid and plasma samples from perpetrators of domestic violence. Currently, we have a manuscript in press showing that low plasma DHA levels were correlated to higher cerebrospinal fluid corticotropin releasing hormone levels in perpetrators of domestic violence. A second manuscript has been submitted for publication showing that red blood cell folate levels were significantly correlated with plasma DHA. In a recent publication, we showed that in healthy controls peripheral blood glucose concentrations are significantly correlated with the CSF concentrations of the dopamine metabolite, HVA and the noradrenaline metabolite, MHPG. These correlations may represent a homeostatic relationship between brain neurotransmitter activity and blood glucose.

酒精中毒经常与攻击性行为和饮食变化或缺乏联系在一起。研究表明，饮酒与家庭暴力肇事者表现出的暴力行为之间存在着强烈的联系。然而，酒精诱导攻击性行为的实际机制(S)却鲜为人知。 目前，我们正在进行一项研究，以确定使用5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂治疗是否可以减少以频繁发生家庭暴力为特征的个人的攻击性。到目前为止，已有42名受试者参加了这项研究。当参与者解释威胁性和非威胁性行为时，功能磁共振成像(FMRI)被用来断言肇事者、非暴力酗酒者和健康对照组之间是否存在显著差异。在肇事者服用安慰剂或氟西汀三个月后，重复进行功能磁共振成像。参与者的攻击性将根据功能磁共振结果、药物效应和5-羟色胺转运体的基因进行检查。核磁共振成像的结果也在分析中，以确定家庭暴力肇事者的大脑结构是否与恐惧条件反射和恐惧回避有关。 二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)是一种必需的omega-3脂肪酸，选择性地集中在大脑中。由于DHA在暴力和敌意的病因中是一个潜在的重要因素，我们分析了家庭暴力肇事者的脑脊液和血浆样本。目前，我们有一篇手稿显示，在家庭暴力肇事者中，血浆DHA水平低与脑脊液促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素水平高相关。第二份手稿已经提交发表，显示红细胞叶酸水平与血浆DHA显著相关。 在最近的一篇文章中，我们发现健康对照组的外周血糖浓度与脑脊液中多巴胺代谢物HVA和去甲肾上腺素代谢物MHPG的浓度显著相关。这些相关性可能代表了脑神经递质活动和血糖之间的动态平衡关系。