Geometrical manifold of achromatic colours of objects under natural illuminations

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A lot of effort has been made by psychologists and neuroscientists to ascertain why things look like they do . Much less attention has been paid to establishing what exactly things look like, probably because it seems self-evident. However even such elementary perceptions as achromatic colours have a more complicated internal structure than one might suppose. Contrary to the general belief that achromatic colours can be described as a one-dimensional continuum (referred to as lightness), we show that, in fact, they constitute a two-dimensional manifold. We plan to study the geometrical properties of this manifold using multidimensional scaling. We shall investigate apparent illumination/lightness invariance using a new approach. We shall also address the classical problem of lightness constancy (with respect to illumination and position) within a new theoretical and methodological framework.