Case for Support: A Feasability Study into Visual Attention Models for Exploring Complex Information.

支持案例：探索复杂信息的视觉注意模型的可行性研究。

• 批准号: EP/D036712/1
• 负责人: Alan Chalmers
• 金额: $ 1.72万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FD036712%2F1
• 关键词: Case; Support; Feasability; Study; into

This proposal presents a feasibility study into the potential for models of visual attention to enhance usable access by visually disabled users to complex structured information such as graph structures and electronic content presented on the web. Visually disabled people often use screenreaders that provide spoken output to access a page's content. Screenreaders, by default, simply present content from top-left to bottom-right. Given the complex nature of most graph structures and web pages, such a default reading is highly inappropriate. Screenreaders also allow their users to direct what is to be read by use of the cursor keys, yet without an overview of the page it is unclear how the focus of reading could be intuitively directed.Sighted readers, however, are able to direct their attention to the area of electronic content they are most interested in exploring. This is accomplished by obtaining a quick overview of the data presented through a glance. Models of visual attention can both describe and predict those areas of the screen which are most perceptually important. Factors such as colour and contrast information will draw the attention of observers. This coupled with task-based semantic knowledge of what to ignore and what to consider, provides a sighted reader with a quick starting point to choose how to explore structured data.Such models of visual attention have been used to selectively direct portions of virtual environments that should be rendered in high quality and to endow avatars with seemingly human like gesture behaviour. We wish to determine whether these may be adapted to use in the novel application context of re-presenting complex graph structures and web pages to visually disabled readers? We will explore the feasibility of this hypothesis by carrying out two specific case studies. The first being an exploration of a 3D molecular structure and the second a re-presentation of a class of web pages for content and media web sites (such as news sites). The first of the two case studies will be evaluated in terms of task completion times and subjective results from questionnaires assessing the effectiveness of non-visual exploration of the data presented. The second study will be evaluated using two methods; first through a comparison with an alternative method for re-presentation of web pages based on existing semantic web research at Manchester, and second through a comparison with eye-tracked data from sighted participants at Bristol. If these initial experiments prove successful, a full proposal for a collaborative research project to design an implement a suite of models tailored to non-visual presentation of complex information will be submitted to the UK-EPSRC.

该提案提出了一个可行性研究模型的视觉注意力的潜力，以提高视觉残疾用户的可用访问复杂的结构化信息，如图形结构和电子内容在网络上。视力障碍者经常使用屏幕阅读器，它提供语音输出来访问页面内容。默认情况下，屏幕阅读器只是从左上角到右下角呈现内容。考虑到大多数图结构和网页的复杂性，这样的默认阅读是非常不合适的。屏幕阅读器还允许用户通过使用光标键来指示要阅读的内容，但是如果没有页面的概览，就不清楚如何直观地引导阅读的重点。然而，视力正常的读者能够将注意力引导到他们最感兴趣的电子内容领域。这是通过快速浏览呈现的数据来实现的。视觉注意力模型可以描述和预测屏幕上那些在感知上最重要的区域。颜色和对比度信息等因素会引起观察者的注意。这与基于任务的语义知识相结合，可以忽略什么，考虑什么，为有视力的读者提供了一个快速的起点，以选择如何探索结构化数据。这种视觉注意力模型已被用于选择性地指导虚拟环境中应该以高质量呈现的部分，并赋予化身看似人类的手势行为。我们希望确定这些是否适用于重新呈现复杂的图形结构和网页的视觉残疾读者在新的应用程序的上下文中使用？我们将通过两个具体的案例研究来探讨这一假设的可行性。第一个是3D分子结构的探索，第二个是内容和媒体网站（如新闻网站）的一类网页的重新呈现。两个案例研究中的第一个将根据任务完成时间和问卷调查的主观结果进行评估，这些问卷调查评估了对所提供数据的非视觉探索的有效性。第二项研究将使用两种方法进行评估，首先通过比较与现有的语义网研究在曼彻斯特的基础上重新呈现网页的替代方法，第二通过比较与眼跟踪数据从有视力的参与者在布里斯托。如果这些初步实验证明是成功的，一个合作研究项目的完整提案，以设计一个实现一套模型，适合非视觉呈现的复杂信息将提交给英国EPSRC。

项目成果

How people use presentation to search for a link: expanding the understanding of accessibility on the Web

• DOI: 10.1007/s10209-007-0089-5
• 发表时间: 2006-05
• 期刊: Universal Access in the Information Society
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: C. Jay;R. Stevens;M. Glencross;A. Chalmers;C. Yang