Emergence and evolution of hierarchical structures in complex systems

复杂系统中层次结构的出现和演化

• 批准号: EP/D051223/1
• 负责人: Henrik Jensen
• 金额: $ 31.2万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FD051223%2F1
• 关键词: Emergence; evolution; hierarchical; structures; complex

One of the defining characteristics of complex systems is what one might call interaction-induced co-operative emergence: the definition of components and their interactions consists of a hierarchical structure with different causations at different levels. Multiple-component systems can evolve and adapt as a consequence of internal and external dynamical interaction, think e.g. of evolutionary ecosystems. When this is the case the statistical properties of the system will change with time. The project will emphasis the relation between intermittency, evolution and time dependent statistics as an essential characteristic of complex systems. In agent based systems evolutionary dynamics gives rise to ever-changing configurations of different types of agents, or organisms, i.e. ecosystems . These configurations can be analysed in terms of the network of interactions between the different organisms present at a given time. The hierarchical nature of these networks will be analysed mathematically by use of the occupation density in the genotype. The generated ecosystems are only quasi-stable and will continuously undergo transitions from one configuration to another. The project will carry out a detailed analysis of the relation between the emergent macroscopic structures and dynamics and the underlying microscopic individual based evolutionary dynamics. In particular attention will be focused on:1) the origin of the dynamical symmetry breaking, 2) the nature of the observed gradual decrease in the rate of macroscopic transitions, 3) analysis and characterisation of the dynamics and properties of emergent networks, 4) analysis of the emergent hierarchy of networks of networks, and 5) study of the link between interaction and species diversity.Although the project will be centred about evolutionary dynamics, similarities with other complex systems exhibiting slow relational dynamics, such as spin-glasses and the vortex system in superconductors, will also be explored.

复杂系统的定义特征之一是人们可以称之为互动诱导的合作涌现：组件及其互动的定义由一个层次结构组成，在不同层次上有不同的原因。多组分系统可以作为内部和外部动态相互作用的结果而进化和适应，例如进化生态系统。在这种情况下，系统的统计特性将随时间而变化。该项目将强调作为复杂系统的基本特征的非线性、演化和时间依赖统计之间的关系。在基于代理的系统中，进化动力学产生了不断变化的不同类型的代理或生物体（即生态系统）的配置。这些配置可以根据在给定时间存在的不同生物体之间的相互作用网络来分析。这些网络的等级性质将通过使用基因型中的占据密度进行数学分析。生成的生态系统只是准稳定的，并将不断经历从一种配置到另一种配置的过渡。该项目将对新兴的宏观结构和动力学与基于微观个体的进化动力学之间的关系进行详细分析。特别关注的是：1）动力学对称破缺的起源，2）观察到的宏观跃迁速率逐渐降低的性质，3）涌现网络的动力学和性质的分析和表征，4）网络的涌现层次的分析，5）相互作用和物种多样性之间的联系的研究。虽然该项目将集中在进化动力学，与其他复杂系统的相似性表现出缓慢的关系动力学，如自旋玻璃和超导体中的涡旋系统，也将被探索。