Studies in radiation damage to DNA and its component biomolecules LSI Fellowship Dr Sylwia Ptasinska

DNA 及其组成生物分子的辐射损伤研究 LSI 奖学金 Sylwia Ptasinska 博士

• 批准号: EP/D067138/1
• 负责人: Sylwia Ptasinska
• 金额: $ 30.99万
• 依托单位: The Open University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2007 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FD067138%2F1
• 关键词: Studies; radiation; damage; DNA; its

Ionizing radiation can produce a range of different types of damage to DNA, the molecule that underpins all life. DNA is shaped as a helix and may be broken in one of two different ways; double strand breaks (dsb), where both strands of the helix are broken and single-strand breaks (ssb) where only one strand of the helix is broken. Double strand breaks are the more dangerous since they can lead to lasting damage, including mutations and ultimately cell death. It is now known that the effect of different types of radiation (alpha particles, x-rays, gamma rays) is critically dependent on the patterns of ionizations they produce on a microscopic scale, comparable with the diameter of the DNA helix (nanometers). Furthermore we now know that that much of the radiation damage is site specific, i.e. targeted on specific molecular sub blocks of the larger DNA molecule. Hence in order to understand the mechanisms of radiation damage it is essential to understand the interaction of different types of radiation with the constituent cellular molecules (DNA itself and its components - the nucleotides, the nucleosides, phosphates, sugars and, of course, cellular water).The basic mechanisms by which DNA damage is thought to occur has recently been brought into question by new studies of electron interactions with DNA and its constituent molecules. Strand breaks in DNA may be initiated by low energy electrons attacking directly DNA's molecular constituents identity, Thus radiation damage may be described at an individual molecule level. Such a molecular picture may be used to explain the well known correlation between electron attachment rates of many molecules and their carcinogenicity (ability to induce cancer) and may be used to suggest new compounds to be adopted in radiation therapy as treatment enhancing sensitizers.I wish to develop my studies of electron interactions with molecular components of DNA to study the effect of radiation of DNA itself. I want to explore/identify patterns in the electron induced molecular fragmentation with strand breaks in DNA and then extend my studies to explore radiation damage in the cell itself.

电离辐射会对支撑所有生命的分子DNA造成一系列不同类型的损害。DNA呈螺旋状，可能以两种不同的方式之一断裂；双链断裂（dsb）是指螺旋的两条链都断裂，单链断裂（ssb）是指螺旋的一条链断裂。双链断裂更危险，因为它们会导致持久的损害，包括突变和最终的细胞死亡。现在人们已经知道，不同类型的辐射（α粒子、x射线、伽马射线）的影响在很大程度上取决于它们在微观尺度上产生的电离模式，这与DNA螺旋的直径（纳米）相当。此外，我们现在知道，许多辐射损伤是位点特异性的，即针对较大DNA分子的特定分子亚块。因此，为了了解辐射损伤的机制，有必要了解不同类型的辐射与组成细胞分子（DNA本身及其成分——核苷酸、核苷、磷酸盐、糖，当然还有细胞水）的相互作用。最近，电子与DNA及其组成分子相互作用的新研究对DNA损伤发生的基本机制提出了质疑。DNA中的链断裂可能是由低能电子直接攻击DNA的分子组成身份引起的，因此辐射损伤可以在单个分子水平上描述。这样的分子图可以用来解释许多分子的电子附着率与其致癌性（诱导癌症的能力）之间众所周知的相关性，并可以用来建议在放射治疗中采用新的化合物作为治疗增强增敏剂。我希望发展我的电子与DNA分子组分相互作用的研究，以研究DNA本身辐射的影响。我想探索/识别电子诱导的DNA链断裂分子断裂的模式，然后扩展我的研究，探索细胞本身的辐射损伤。

项目成果

The influence of amino acids on DNA damage induced by cold plasma radiation

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.10.016
• 发表时间: 2010-11
• 期刊: Chemical Physics Letters
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Agnieszka Stypczyńska;S. Ptasińska;B. Bahnev;M. Bowden;N. Braithwaite;N. Mason

Radio- and photosensitization of DNA with compounds containing platinum and bromine atoms

使用含铂和溴原子的化合物对 DNA 进行放射和光敏化

• DOI: 10.1140/epjd/e2015-60036-5
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal D
• 作者: Smialek M

Radiosensitization of DNA in presence of Pt(II)-based compounds

Pt(II) 基化合物存在下 DNA 的放射增敏

• DOI: 10.1140/epjd/e2014-40846-7
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal D
• 作者: Smialek M

Desorption of small ionic fragments from oligonucleotides induced by low energy carbon ions

低能碳离子诱导寡核苷酸中小离子片段的解吸

• DOI: 10.1140/epjd/e2010-00083-x
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal D
• 作者: Ptasinska S