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A new frontier in nanochemistry: formation of novel core-shell nanoparticles using liquid helium droplets

纳米化学的新前沿：利用液氦液滴形成新型核壳纳米颗粒

基本信息

批准号：
EP/D071402/1
负责人：
Shengfu Yang
金额：
$ 53.47万
依托单位：
University of Leicester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2006 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FD071402%2F1
关键词：
new frontier nanochemistry formation novel

项目摘要

A nanoparticle is an ensemble of molecules or atoms with a diameter 10,000 - 100,000 times than a human hair. A core-shell nanoparticle is a particular class of nanoparticle with a core and shell layer(s). Core-shell nanoparticles constitute a class of composite materials that can show optical, electrical, surface chemical and catalytic properties that are totally different from either the pure core or shell materials. Their properties can be altered by changing the thickness of the shell or core-to-shell ratio. Conventional nanoparticle synthesis methods divide into 'wet' methods and gas-phase methods. Both methods have their limitations. Core-shell nanoparticles can be grown with both of the conventional methods, but there are severe limitations on the core and shell materials and in many cases there are difficulties in obtained well-defined core and shell layers. To circumvent these difficulties, we propose a new method that would allow almost complete control of the layer-by-layer growth of core-shell nanoparticles. This proposal seeks to develop a new and highly versatile technique in which the growth solvent consists of micron-sized superfluid liquid helium droplets. This technique offers enormous and revolutionary possibilities in nanochemistry and the purpose of this proposal is to develop a unique research programme to investigate these possibilities. The scope of this work is vast, but the aim here will be to demonstrate the possibilities by focusing on certain selected classes of nanoparticles, many with one or more potential applications. In addition to the applications, entirely novel core-shell nanoparticles can be grown which could not be produced by any other technique. Although this work is proof-of-concept research, it represents an exciting combination of fundamental science with a potentially very wide array of applications.

纳米粒子是分子或原子的集合，其直径是人类头发的 10,000 - 100,000 倍。核-壳纳米颗粒是一类具有核层和壳层的特殊纳米颗粒。核壳纳米颗粒构成了一类复合材料，可以表现出与纯核或壳材料完全不同的光学、电学、表面化学和催化性能。它们的特性可以通过改变壳的厚度或核壳比来改变。传统的纳米颗粒合成方法分为“湿法”和气相法。这两种方法都有其局限性。两种传统方法都可以生长核-壳纳米粒子，但核和壳材料存在严重限制，并且在许多情况下难以获得明确的核和壳层。为了克服这些困难，我们提出了一种新方法，可以几乎完全控制核壳纳米颗粒的逐层生长。该提案旨在开发一种新型且高度通用的技术，其中生长溶剂由微米级超流体液氦液滴组成。这项技术为纳米化学提供了巨大的革命性可能性，本提案的目的是开发一个独特的研究计划来研究这些可能性。这项工作的范围很广，但其目的是通过关注某些选定类别的纳米颗粒来展示其可能性，其中许多纳米颗粒具有一种或多种潜在应用。除了应用之外，还可以生长任何其他技术无法生产的全新核壳纳米颗粒。尽管这项工作是概念验证研究，但它代表了基础科学与潜在广泛应用的令人兴奋的结合。