What Facets of Family Violence Affect Child Functioning

家庭暴力的哪些方面会影响儿童的功能

• 批准号: 6901951
• 负责人: AMY Michele Smith SLEP
• 金额: $ 34.36万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-07 至 2009-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6901951
• 关键词: aggression; behavioral /social science research tag; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; conflict; domestic violence; early experience; human subject; interview; middle childhood (6-11); preschool child (1-5); questionnaires; sex partner; social adjustment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children's exposure to partner maltreatment (CE) is a public health concern of substantial magnitude. A recent study of a generalizable sample of parents with a 3-7 year-old found the rate of physical CE to be 48% and physical/emotional CE to be 63%. On a host of outcomes (internalizing and externalizing problems, social problems, academic problems, negative affect/distress and negative cognitions), CE, compared to non-CE, children fare worse. In this proposal, we first present a heuristic roadmap to guide CE definitional research by sketching the moderational and mediational relations linking CE and negative child outcomes. We then outline a five step process for resolving the paradox: have a conceptual model, use it to specify key CE facets, improve measurement of the facets, test facet-outcome associations (controlling for non-CE variables [such as couple conflict, inept parenting, and child victimization] to ensure parsimony), and winnow CE and child victimization facets. We will examine CE facet/ outcome relations in a generalizable sample of 400 families with 4-8 year-old children recruited through random digit dialing and assessed at two lab visits 6 months apart. The specific aims of the project are as follows: 1) Determine the prevalence of CE in a generalizable community sample of families with 4 - 8 year-old children. Establish the effect size of relations between (a) exposure status and facets and (b) child externalizing problems, internalizing problems, social adjustment, school adjustment, vagal tone and reactivity, and cognitive functioning for boys and girls in this sample. 2) By applying a moderational framework to identify what makes exposure to some instances of IPV impact children and others not, determine which facets of children's exposure to IPV relate to concurrent and future aspects of child functioning. Determine if threshold effects are present. If so, determine the thresholds. 3) By applying a moderational framework to identify what makes some instances of victimization impact children and others not, determine which facets of children's victimization by parents relate to concurrent and future aspects of child functioning. Determine if threshold effects are present. If so, determine the thresholds. 4) Determine the extent to which meaningful facets of exposure and victimization are mediated by (a) non-abusive marital conflict, (b) inept parenting, or (c) both. 5) Build a multifaceted model of how IPV exposure and victimization directly and indirectly relate to classes of child outcomes, accomplished through 7 specified steps.

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童暴露于伴侣虐待（CE）是一个重大的公共卫生问题。最近的一项研究对3-7岁孩子的父母进行了广泛的研究，发现身体上的自我认知率为48%，身体/情感上的自我认知率为63%。在一系列结果（内在化和外在化问题、社会问题、学业问题、消极影响/痛苦和消极认知）上，与非自我认知的儿童相比，自我认知的儿童表现更差。在本建议中，我们首先提出了一个启发式路线图，通过勾勒出CE与儿童消极结局之间的中介关系，来指导CE定义研究。然后，我们概述了解决这个悖论的五步过程：建立一个概念模型，用它来指定关键的CE方面，改进方面的测量，测试方面-结果关联（控制非CE变量[如夫妻冲突，不称职的养育和儿童受害]以确保节俭），并筛选CE和儿童受害方面。我们将通过随机数字拨号招募400个有4-8岁儿童的家庭，并在相隔6个月的两次实验室访问中评估CE方面/结果的关系。该项目的具体目标如下：1)确定有4 - 8岁儿童的社区家庭样本中CE的患病率。建立(a)暴露状态和方面与(b)儿童外化问题、内化问题、社会适应、学校适应、迷走神经张力和反应性以及本样本男孩和女孩认知功能之间关系的效应量。2)通过应用一个适度的框架来确定是什么使暴露于IPV的某些情况对儿童产生影响，而其他情况则不会，确定儿童暴露于IPV的哪些方面与儿童功能的当前和未来方面有关。确定是否存在阈值效应。如果是，确定阈值。3)通过运用一个适度的框架来确定是什么使一些受害事例影响儿童而另一些没有影响儿童，确定父母对儿童的受害的哪些方面与儿童功能的当前和未来方面有关。确定是否存在阈值效应。如果是，确定阈值。4)确定暴露和受害的有意义方面在多大程度上是由(a)非虐待性婚姻冲突，(b)不称职的养育方式，或(c)两者共同介导的。5)通过7个特定步骤，建立一个多方位的模型，说明IPV暴露和受害如何直接和间接地与儿童的结果相关。