What Facets of Family Violence Affect Child Functioning

家庭暴力的哪些方面会影响儿童的功能

• 批准号: 7094226
• 负责人: AMY Michele Smith SLEP
• 金额: $ 35.45万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-07 至 2009-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7094226
• 关键词: aggression; behavioral /social science research tag; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; conflict; domestic violence; early experience; human subject; interview; middle childhood (6-11); preschool child (1-5); questionnaires; sex partner; social adjustment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children's exposure to partner maltreatment (CE) is a public health concern of substantial magnitude. A recent study of a generalizable sample of parents with a 3-7 year-old found the rate of physical CE to be 48% and physical/emotional CE to be 63%. On a host of outcomes (internalizing and externalizing problems, social problems, academic problems, negative affect/distress and negative cognitions), CE, compared to non-CE, children fare worse. In this proposal, we first present a heuristic roadmap to guide CE definitional research by sketching the moderational and mediational relations linking CE and negative child outcomes. We then outline a five step process for resolving the paradox: have a conceptual model, use it to specify key CE facets, improve measurement of the facets, test facet-outcome associations (controlling for non-CE variables [such as couple conflict, inept parenting, and child victimization] to ensure parsimony), and winnow CE and child victimization facets. We will examine CE facet/ outcome relations in a generalizable sample of 400 families with 4-8 year-old children recruited through random digit dialing and assessed at two lab visits 6 months apart. The specific aims of the project are as follows: 1) Determine the prevalence of CE in a generalizable community sample of families with 4 - 8 year-old children. Establish the effect size of relations between (a) exposure status and facets and (b) child externalizing problems, internalizing problems, social adjustment, school adjustment, vagal tone and reactivity, and cognitive functioning for boys and girls in this sample. 2) By applying a moderational framework to identify what makes exposure to some instances of IPV impact children and others not, determine which facets of children's exposure to IPV relate to concurrent and future aspects of child functioning. Determine if threshold effects are present. If so, determine the thresholds. 3) By applying a moderational framework to identify what makes some instances of victimization impact children and others not, determine which facets of children's victimization by parents relate to concurrent and future aspects of child functioning. Determine if threshold effects are present. If so, determine the thresholds. 4) Determine the extent to which meaningful facets of exposure and victimization are mediated by (a) non-abusive marital conflict, (b) inept parenting, or (c) both. 5) Build a multifaceted model of how IPV exposure and victimization directly and indirectly relate to classes of child outcomes, accomplished through 7 specified steps.

描述(由申请人提供)：儿童受到虐待伴侣(CE)的影响是一个重大的公共卫生问题。最近的一项研究对3-7岁的父母进行了一项概括性的抽样研究，发现身体CE的比率为48%，身体/情感CE的比率为63%。在一系列结果(内化和外化问题、社会问题、学业问题、负面情感/痛苦和负面认知)上，与非教育阶段相比，教育阶段的儿童表现更差。在这项建议中，我们首先提出了一个启发式路线图，通过勾勒出儿童教育与消极儿童结局之间的调节和中介关系，来指导儿童教育定义研究。然后，我们概述了解决悖论的五个步骤：建立概念模型，使用它来指定关键的CE方面，改进方面的测量，测试方面-结果关联(控制非CE变量[如夫妻冲突、无能的父母教养和儿童受害]以确保节俭)，以及筛选CE和儿童受害方面。我们将通过随机数字拨号招募400个有4-8岁孩子的家庭作为一般性样本，并在相隔6个月的两次实验室访问中评估CE方面/结果之间的关系。该项目的具体目标如下：1)确定有4-8岁儿童的家庭的普遍社区样本中的慢性萎缩性脑病的患病率。确定(A)暴露状态和各方面与(B)儿童外在性问题、内在性问题、社会适应、学校适应、迷走神经紧张和反应性以及认知功能之间关系的效应大小。2)通过应用一个温和的框架来确定是什么使儿童接触到IPV的某些情况对儿童产生影响，以及其他情况不会影响儿童，从而确定儿童接触IPV的哪些方面与儿童功能的当前和未来方面有关。确定是否存在阈值效果。如果是，确定阈值。3)通过应用一个温和的框架来确定是什么原因使受害儿童的某些情况影响儿童，而不影响其他儿童，从而确定父母伤害儿童的哪些方面与儿童功能的当前和未来方面有关。确定是否存在阈值效果。如果是，确定阈值。4)确定暴露和受害的有意义的方面在多大程度上受到(A)非虐待性婚姻冲突、(B)无能的养育或(C)两者的调节。5)通过7个具体步骤，建立一个多层面的模型，说明IPV的暴露和受害如何直接和间接地与儿童结果的类别相关。