Risk and Protective Factors for Partner Abuse, Child Maltreatment, & Suicidality

伴侣虐待、虐待儿童的风险和保护因素，

• 批准号: 7473775
• 负责人: AMY Michele Smith SLEP
• 金额: $ 29.23万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7473775
• 关键词: Risk; Protective; Factors; Partner; Abuse

Partner abuse, child abuse and neglect, and suicidal behavior are costly occurrences in American society, in terms of both human suffering and economics. Healthy People 2010 targets all three problems for reduction. However, brevention of each of these areas is hampered by inadequate knowledge about the relative relations of risk and protective factors to the problems. The purpose of this project is to use a large (over 100,000 respondents), representative archival sample from 83 communities to provide effect sizes of risk factors at various levels (i.e., individual, family, work, and community), to test hypotheses about the buffering effects of protective factors, and use these results to create exploratory models of risk and resilience for these problems. The archival data set contains detailed assessments of suicidality, partner and child physical assaults and their impacts, partner and child emotional assaults and their impacts, and child neglectful omissions. We will test the effect sizes of risk factors using correlations, the buffering effects of protective factors using correlations and backward stepwise logistic and linear regressions, and overall models using structural equation modeling. We will use statistical packages that can appropriately estimate standard errors in a complex data set collected at 83 communities. Prevention science is guided by a five stage, recursive research cycle: (1) defining the problem and measuring its prevalence; (2) establishing risk and protective factor relations with the problem; (3) efficacy trials; (4) effectiveness trials; and (5) dissemination trials (Mrazek & Haggerty, 1994). Large gaps remain in the risk factor literature on all forms of partner abuse and child maltreatment (Slep & Heyman, 2001); very little is known at all about putative protective factor relations. Because this knowledge provides the bedrock on which to build effective prevention activities, reaching the Healthy People 2010 objectives is unlikely without improvements. This project is unique and innovative because (a) it is large enough to have very high power and low standard errors in its estimations of risk and protective factor effect sizes and additive effects; (b) it will examine risk and protective relations for injury as well as lower level behaviors (e.g., assault); (c) it will test these relations for partner and child physical abuse, partner and child emotional abuse, child neglectful omissions (lack of supervision and exposure to physical hazards), and suicidality; (d) it will examine risk and protective factors for comorbid conditions; and (e) it is large enough to examine these relations for children in different age groups.

就美国社会而言，虐待伴侣、虐待和忽视儿童以及自杀行为是代价高昂的事件 人类苦难和经济。 《2010 年健康人民》旨在减少所有这三个问题。然而， 由于对风险和风险之间的相对关系了解不足，阻碍了对这些领域的防范。 问题的保护因素。 该项目的目的是使用大量（超过 100,000 名受访者）具有代表性的档案样本 来自 83 个社区的数据，提供各个层面（即个人、家庭、工作和社区）风险因素的影响大小 社区），测试有关保护因素缓冲效应的假设，并使用这些结果来创建 这些问题的风险和恢复力的探索性模型。 档案数据集包含对自杀倾向、伴侣和儿童身体攻击及其行为的详细评估。 影响、伴侣和儿童的情感攻击及其影响，以及儿童的疏忽遗漏。我们来测试一下效果 使用相关性确定风险因素的大小，使用相关性和后向性确定保护性因素的缓冲效果 逐步逻辑回归和线性回归，以及使用结构方程建模的整体模型。我们将使用统计 可以正确估计在 83 个社区收集的复杂数据集中的标准误差的软件包。 预防科学以五个阶段的递归研究周期为指导：(1) 定义问题并衡量其问题 患病率； (2) 与问题建立风险和保护因素关系； （三）疗效试验； (4)有效性 试验； (5) 传播试验（Mrazek & Haggerty，1994）。所有风险因素文献中仍存在巨大差距 虐待伴侣和虐待儿童的形式（Slep & Heyman，2001）；对于假定的情况我们知之甚少 保护因素关系。因为这些知识为建立有效的预防奠定了基础 如果不加以改进，就不可能实现“健康人类 2010”目标。这个项目是独一无二的 创新是因为 (a) 它足够大，在风险估计中具有非常高的功效和较低的标准误差； 保护因素效应大小和累加效应； (b) 它将审查伤害的风险和保护关系以及 较低级别的行为（例如攻击）； (c) 它将测试这些关系是否存在伴侣和儿童的身体虐待、伴侣和儿童的身体虐待 情感虐待、儿童疏忽不作为（缺乏监督和暴露于身体危险）和自杀倾向； (四) 它将检查合并症的风险和保护因素； (e) 它足够大来检查这些关系 适合不同年龄段的孩子。