AAC Processing Support for Spoken Language in Aphasia

对失语症口语的 AAC 处理支持

• 批准号: 6884060
• 负责人: Myrna F Schwartz
• 金额: $ 34.8万
• 依托单位: ALBERT EINSTEIN HEALTHCARE NETWORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-04-01 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6884060
• 关键词: aphasia; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; computer data analysis; computer human interaction; computer system design /evaluation; cues; human subject; human therapy evaluation; interview; language; patient oriented research; speech; speech synthesizers; speech therapy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The PC-based Communication System (CS) was developed for adults with acquired aphasia. It acts as a "processing prosthesis" by taking spoken message creation off-line and minimizing demands for fast retrieval and working memory. Used as an AAC device, the CS has been shown to enhance aphasics' fluency and grammatical expression in narrative production tasks. Used as a therapy tool, it resulted in improved unaided production after independent practice in the home. This proposal will extend the functionality of the CS by making it possible for the user to transfer CS-generated messages appropriate to specific situations onto a hand-held computer, which can be deployed in situ to supplement or cue language production in real-world, real-time, communication. The intention is to create an AAC device that will not only enable the transfer of information appropriate to these situations, but also will allow the user to demonstrate his or her intellectual competence, which may be obscured by the language disability. An experiment is proposed to evaluate whether and how the enhanced system (CS plus handheld: CS-HH) benefits aphasics' communication of messages prepared in anticipation of simulated service encounters (e.g., a medical examination). The experiment will compare a group trained to use CS-HH in these simulated encounters with a second, closely matched group, that is trained to use conventional verbal and nonverbal strategies to compensate for their spoken language deficits (the control group). Experimental and control groups will be compared on a total of five service encounters: three that subjects train for in therapist-led sessions, and two that they prepare for without therapist involvement (the generalization test). The prediction is that the experimental group will use the CS-HH to communicate more effectively both in the encounters they train for and in those they prepare themselves. A second study will use qualitative techniques (focus groups, semistructured interviews) to explore patients' assessment of their communicative competence in service- and other encounters, and their attitudes toward communication aids, both technological and conventional (e.g., picture books, gestures). It is predicted that after using the CS-HH in simulated service encounters, patients will view themselves as more effective communicators than they did at the start and will be positively disposed to using this AAC device in the future.

描述（由申请人提供）：基于PC的交流系统（CS）是为患有获得性失语症的成年人开发的。它作为一个“处理假体”，通过离线创建口语信息，并最大限度地减少对快速检索和工作记忆的需求。作为一种AAC设备，CS已被证明可以提高失语症患者在叙事生产任务中的流畅性和语法表达。作为一种治疗工具，它在家庭独立实践后改善了独立生产。这一建议将扩展CS的功能，使用户能够将CS生成的适合特定情况的消息传输到手持计算机上，该手持计算机可以在现场部署，以补充或提示真实世界中的语言生产，实时通信。目的是创造一种AAC设备，不仅能够传输适合这些情况的信息，而且还允许用户展示其智力能力，这可能会被语言残疾所掩盖。提出了一个实验来评估增强型系统（CS加手持：CS-HH）是否以及如何有益于失语症患者在预期模拟服务遭遇（例如，体检）。该实验将比较一组训练使用CS-HH在这些模拟遭遇与第二，密切匹配的组，这是训练使用传统的语言和非语言策略，以弥补他们的口语缺陷（对照组）。实验组和对照组将进行比较，共五个服务的遭遇：三个科目的培训，在治疗师主导的会议，两个，他们准备没有治疗师的参与（泛化测试）。预测是，实验组将使用CS-HH更有效地沟通，无论是在遇到他们训练和他们准备自己。第二项研究将使用定性技术（焦点小组，半结构化访谈）来探讨患者对他们在服务和其他接触中的沟通能力的评估，以及他们对沟通辅助工具的态度，包括技术和传统（例如，图画书、手势）。据预测，在模拟服务接触中使用CS-HH后，患者将认为自己是比开始时更有效的沟通者，并将积极倾向于在未来使用这种AAC设备。