Surface dynamics on atomic length and time scales: A new opportunity in experimental science

原子长度和时间尺度的表面动力学：实验科学的新机遇

• 批准号: EP/E004962/1
• 负责人: John Ellis
• 金额: $ 128.99万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FE004962%2F1
• 关键词: Surface; dynamics; atomic; length; time

Our proposal is designed to open up the emerging field of nanoscale surface transport on ultra-short time scales (i.e. picoseconds to nanoseconds). The motion of single atoms and molecules on these time scales is both fundamentally and technologically important. Fields ranging from the development of new catalysts, to understanding how nanostructures can be built by self assembly, and even understanding the microscopic origins of friction and wear, will all benefit from the fundamental work we propose.Measuring surface transport on such fast time scales (which correspond to the typical length of time required for two atoms to pass each other), is difficult; current microscopy cannot achieve the necessary imaging rates. However, the applicants have recently developed a new instrument at the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, which makes work in this challenging field possible. The recent demonstration of the capabilities of 'helium-3 spin-echo' represents the culmination of a very successful high-risk project. The present grant application is designed to realise the full potential of this apparatus, by providing vital support instrumentation, specialist staff and running costs for the next four years. These will complete a unique, world-leading facility, allowing the U.K to maintain its present, leading position in this important field.The programme will include a combination of measurement and instrumentation development. Measurements will address a wide range of systems, ranging from simple atoms and molecules on clean metals, to larger molecules and transport processes on nanostructured surfaces. We will obtain otherwise unavailable information, describing dynamics under the thermally activated conditions, where technologically important processes occur. The information made available will be important to disciplines ranging from understanding the processes involved in catalysis, to testing the validity of theoretical models of structure and bonding, and understanding the microscopic origins of friction.New equipment is needed to enable effective use of the new apparatus. Both the beam source and detection equipment will be improved, which will allow us to make measurements much more quickly and enable a much wider range of measurements. We will add the standard sample preparation equipment, which is currently missing from the apparatus, to increase the throughput and optimise the scientific return on the investment, as well as sample transfer equipment to allow rapid sample exchanges and ex-situ sample preparation.The unique scope of the 'spin-echo' instrument will form a focus for a series of new international collaborations, supporting several of the research council's current operating objectives. Several research groups, both in the UK and abroad have already expressed interest in co-operation, both experimentally and theoretically. These collaborations are likely to be particularly productive, given the diverse range of measurements that will be possible and the interdisciplinary nature of the field - linking fundamental physics with surface chemistry, materials science and even nanoscale engineering.

我们的建议旨在打开新兴领域的纳米表面传输的超短时间尺度（即皮秒到纳秒）。在这些时间尺度上的单个原子和分子的运动在根本上和技术上都是重要的。从新催化剂的开发到理解纳米结构如何通过自组装构建，甚至理解摩擦和磨损的微观起源，这些领域都将受益于我们提出的基础工作。（这对应于两个原子相互通过所需的典型时间长度），是困难的;目前的显微镜不能达到必要的成像速率。然而，申请人最近在剑桥的卡文迪什实验室开发了一种新仪器，这使得在这一具有挑战性的领域的工作成为可能。最近对“氦-3自旋回波”能力的展示代表了一个非常成功的高风险项目的高潮。目前的赠款申请旨在通过提供重要的支持仪器，专业人员和未来四年的运行成本来实现该设备的全部潜力。这将使英国成为一个独一无二的、世界领先的设施，使英国能够保持其在这一重要领域的领先地位。该计划将包括测量和仪器开发的组合。测量将涉及广泛的系统，从清洁金属上的简单原子和分子，到纳米结构表面上的较大分子和传输过程。我们将获得否则无法获得的信息，描述动态下的热激活条件下，在技术上重要的过程发生。所提供的信息将是重要的学科，从了解催化过程中所涉及的，以测试结构和键合的理论模型的有效性，并了解摩擦的微观起源，需要新的设备，使有效地使用新的仪器。光束源和探测设备都将得到改进，这将使我们能够更快地进行测量，并实现更广泛的测量范围。我们将增加标准样品制备设备，这是目前仪器中缺少的，以增加吞吐量和优化投资的科学回报，以及样品转移设备，以实现快速样品交换和异地样品制备。“自旋回波”仪器的独特范围将成为一系列新的国际合作的焦点，支持研究理事会当前的几个业务目标。英国和国外的一些研究小组已经表达了在实验和理论上进行合作的兴趣。这些合作可能特别富有成效，因为可能的测量范围广泛，而且该领域具有跨学科性质-将基础物理与表面化学，材料科学甚至纳米工程联系起来。

项目成果

PIGLE - Particles Interacting in Generalized Langevin Equation simulator

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cpc.2019.04.013
• 发表时间: 2019-09-01
• 期刊: COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Avidor, N.;Townsend, P. S. M.;Allison, W.
• 通讯作者: Allison, W.

Mass Transport in Surface Diffusion of van der Waals Bonded Systems: Boosted by Rotations?

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02024
• 发表时间: 2016-12-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
• 影响因子: 5.7
• 作者: Hedgeland, Holly;Sacchi, Marco;Ellis, John
• 通讯作者: Ellis, John

An evaluation of the kinematic approximation in helium atom scattering using wavepacket calculations

使用波包计算评估氦原子散射的运动学近似

• DOI: 10.1016/j.susc.2018.04.019
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Surface Science
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Alderwick A

Structure and dynamics investigations of a partially hydrogenated graphene/Ni(111) surface

• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.12.055
• 发表时间: 2017-04-01
• 期刊: CARBON
• 影响因子: 10.9
• 作者: Bahn, Emanuel;Tamtoegl, Anton;Fouquet, Peter
• 通讯作者: Fouquet, Peter