Atom Scattering Facility

原子散射设施

• 批准号: EP/T00634X/1
• 负责人: John Ellis
• 金额: $ 19.71万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT00634X%2F1
• 关键词: Atom; Scattering; Facility

Once scientists worked out how to image individual atoms on a surface, understanding the way they move immediately became a major challenge. On the atomic scale processes occur very quickly, often over the time scale of a billionth of a second. For a long time, there were simply no tools that could measure what was happening over such short times and such small distances. The details of how atoms and molecules move could only be guessed, and only the very simplest of modelling methods could be used. Remarkably, it is now possible to follow the motion of atoms and molecules over these length and time ranges using a technique called helium spin-echo (HeSE) - a method that follows atoms in steady state thermal motion. The technique was developed by Ellis and co-workers in Cambridge, with substantial funding from many sources, including the EPSRC. The UK now leads the world in understanding the motion of atoms and molecules on surfaces using this radically new technique and the equipment that was developed.Understanding the motion of individual atoms and molecules is incredibly important. Although many scientific advances have been made empirically, it very quickly becomes impossible to progress further (for example, finding the Haber-Bosch catalyst for ammonia synthesis took 20,000 experiments). With knowledge of how atoms move it is possible to design materials and processes from the 'bottom up', or to perform accurate numerical simulations that give clear predictions. Hence, the information HeSE can provide is invaluable across a huge range of scientific disciplines. In fact, HeSE has already shown there can be very real inaccuracies of the accepted modelling methods for atomic motion - and that many theories need to be improved.The development of this HeSE machine has been a major project in the Department of Physics in Cambridge. We now hope to unleash the power of the new technique, and gain maximum impact for the UK from this EPSRC funded development, by making it available for use by the wider scientific community. The current proposal therefore aims to set the equipment up as a user facility, open to users from the rest of the UK and internationally. During the 2 year award period the equipment will be streamlined, training courses and materials will be generated and data analysis tools will be created. Most importantly we will proactively engage with and support researchers from the many scientific and technological disciplines which can benefit from ultra-fast atomic scale dynamics measurements.

一旦科学家们研究出如何在表面上成像单个原子，了解它们的运动方式立即成为一项重大挑战。在原子尺度上，过程发生得非常快，通常是在十亿分之一秒的时间尺度上。在很长一段时间里，根本没有工具可以测量在如此短的时间和如此小的距离内发生的事情。原子和分子如何运动的细节只能猜测，而且只能使用最简单的建模方法。值得注意的是，现在可以使用一种名为氦自旋回波(Hese)的技术来跟踪原子和分子在这些长度和时间范围内的运动，这是一种跟踪原子稳定热运动的方法。这项技术是由埃利斯和剑桥的同事开发的，包括EPSRC在内的许多来源都提供了大量资金。英国现在使用这项全新的技术和开发的设备，在了解原子和分子在表面上的运动方面处于世界领先地位。了解单个原子和分子的运动极其重要。尽管已经取得了许多科学进展，但很快就不可能取得进一步进展(例如，寻找哈伯-博世氨合成催化剂花了20,000次实验)。有了原子如何运动的知识，就有可能自下而上地设计材料和工艺，或者执行准确的数值模拟，给出明确的预测。因此，它能提供的信息在众多科学学科中都是无价的。事实上，他已经证明了公认的原子运动建模方法可能存在非常不准确的地方--还有许多理论需要改进。这台机器的开发一直是剑桥大学物理系的一个主要项目。我们现在希望通过让更广泛的科学界使用这项新技术来释放这项新技术的力量，并从EPSRC资助的开发中为英国获得最大影响。因此，目前的提案旨在将设备设置为用户设施，向英国其他地区和国际用户开放。在为期两年的授权期内，将精简设备，编写培训课程和材料，并创建数据分析工具。最重要的是，我们将积极主动地与许多科学和技术学科的研究人员接触并提供支持，这些学科可以受益于超快原子尺度动力学测量。

项目成果

Ultrafast Diffusion at the Onset of Growth: O/Ru(0001).

生长开始时的超快扩散：O/Ru(0001)。

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.155901
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Physical review letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Kelsall J

Perturbation theory of scattering for grazing-incidence fast-atom diffraction

掠入射快原子衍射的散射扰动理论

• DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01013e
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Allison W

Reply to the 'Comment on "Perturbation theory of scattering for grazing-incidence fast-atom diffraction"' by G. A. Bocan, H. Breiss, S. Szilasi, A. Momeni, E. M. S. Casagrande, E. A. Sánchez, M. S. Gravielle and H. Khemliche, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , 2023, 25 , DOI: 10.1039/D3CP02486E

回复 G. A. Bocan、H. Breiss、S. Szilasi、A. Momeni、E. M. S. Casagrande、E. A. Sánchez、M. S. Gravielle 和 H. 对“掠入射快原子衍射的散射扰动理论”的评论。

• DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04559e
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Allison W

Observation of diffuse scattering in scanning helium microscopy.

扫描氦显微镜中漫散射的观察。

• DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01951e
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: PCCP
• 作者: Lambrick SM

Probing surface motion above ambient temperature with helium spin-echo spectroscopy

使用氦自旋回波光谱探测高于环境温度的表面运动

• DOI: 10.1038/s42254-021-00387-2
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Nature Reviews Physics
• 影响因子: 38.5
• 作者: Avidor N