Risk Factors for Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Abuse

合成代谢雄激素类固醇滥用的危险因素

• 批准号: 7379970
• 负责人: HARRISON G POPE
• 金额: $ 32.91万
• 依托单位: MCLEAN HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7379970
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adverse effects; Advertising; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; American; Anabolic steroids; Appearance; Appendix; Athletic; Attention; Blinded; Body Dysmorphic Disorder; Body Image; Childhood; Cohort Studies; Data; Disease; Doctor of Medicine; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Eating Disorders; Education; Ensure; Family; Funding; Hepatotoxicity; Hormones; Illicit Drugs; Individual; Institutes; Intervention Studies; Interview; Interviewer; Investigation; Lead; Lipoproteins; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Measures; Medical; Mental disorders; Mood Disorders; Morbidity - disease rate; Muscle; Neoplasms; Neurosecretory Systems; Numbers; Observer Variation; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pilot Projects; Population; Prevention program; Public Health; Purpose; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Sampling; Structure; Students; Substance abuse problem; Supervision; Surveys; Symptoms; Syndrome; Target Populations; Television; Testing; Testosterone; Time; Violence; Withdrawal; Woman; anti social; base; boys; case control; cohort; design; experience; field study; high school; improved; male; men; peer; prevent; prospective; response; steroid dependence; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Illicit anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use represents an important public health problem; NIDA has recently funded a major public education campaign to counter AAS use, with television advertising in English and Spanish. Surprisingly, however, we are not aware of any NIDA-funded studies of illicit AAS users (aside from a team-based substance abuse prevention program) in the last four fiscal years. Because of the limited available research, risk factors for illicit AAS use are poorly understood. In a recent pilot study, we found that AAS use may be associated with two clusters of risk factors, an antisocial cluster and a body image cluster. To test these hypotheses, we propose a cross-sectional cohort study- an advantageous and underutilized design, which we show is equal in validity to the more traditional case control design, but particularly suited for the study of risk factors in our setting. We will assess 300 men, drawn from a population of regular weightlifters, and shown by our pilot data to contain approximately 50% of AAS users. To minimize observer bias, one interviewer will assess subjects for the outcome variable (history of AAS use), and a separate blinded interviewer will assess subjects for all exposure variables (childhood and adolescent attributes that may be risk factors for AAS use). These assessments will use a battery of structured personal interviews and self-report measures, developed from our pilot study and extensive previous AAS research. We hypothesize that AAS use will be significantly associated with 1) childhood and adolescent antisocial traits and associated attributes, including parental substance use, lack of parental supervision, risk-taking, and drug use among peers; and 2) childhood and adolescent body image concerns and associated attributes, including eating disorders, body dysmorphic disorder, and other disorders in the obsessive-compulsive spectrum. We will also test the secondary hypothesis that the antisocial cluster predicts drug use in general, whereas the body image cluster predicts AAS use in particular. Findings from this study will lead to more focused and efficient strategies for 1) identifying boys and young men most likely to use AAS; 2) targeting populations at greatest risk, to ensure optimum deployment of educational resources for reducing AAS use; 3) treating psychiatric disorders (such as body image disorders) in individuals at high risk for AAS use; and 4) designing subsequent prospective intervention studies of strategies to prevent AAS use.

描述（由申请人提供）：非法使用合成代谢雄激素类固醇（AAS）是一个重要的公共卫生问题；NIDA最近资助了一项大型公共教育活动，用英语和西班牙语在电视上做广告，以抵制AAS的使用。然而，令人惊讶的是，在过去的四个财政年度里，我们没有发现任何nida资助的关于非法AAS使用者的研究（除了一个以团队为基础的药物滥用预防项目）。由于现有的研究有限，非法使用原子吸收剂的危险因素了解甚少。在最近的一项初步研究中，我们发现AAS的使用可能与两类风险因素有关，一种是反社会因素，另一种是身体形象因素。为了验证这些假设，我们提出了一项横断面队列研究——一种优势和未充分利用的设计，我们证明其有效性与更传统的病例对照设计相同，但特别适合研究我们环境中的风险因素。我们将评估300名男性，从经常举重的人群中抽取，我们的试验数据显示，其中约有50%的人使用AAS。为了尽量减少观察者偏差，一名访谈者将评估受试者的结果变量（AAS使用史），另一名单独的盲法访谈者将评估受试者的所有暴露变量（可能是AAS使用风险因素的儿童和青少年属性）。这些评估将使用一系列结构化的个人访谈和自我报告措施，这些措施是从我们的试点研究和广泛的先前AAS研究中发展出来的。我们假设AAS的使用与1)儿童和青少年反社会特征及相关属性显著相关，包括父母物质使用、缺乏父母监督、冒险行为和同龄人吸毒；2)儿童和青少年的身体形象问题及其相关属性，包括饮食失调、身体畸形障碍和强迫症谱系中的其他障碍。我们还将检验第二个假设，即反社会集群一般预测药物使用，而身体形象集群特别预测AAS使用。这项研究的结果将导致更有针对性和更有效的策略：1)识别最有可能使用AAS的男孩和年轻男性；2)针对风险最大的人群，确保教育资源的最佳配置，以减少AAS的使用；3)治疗使用AAS的高危个体的精神障碍（如身体形象障碍）；4)设计预防AAS使用策略的后续前瞻性干预研究。